Infectious diseases, also known as communicable diseases, are diseases caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. These microorganisms can invade the body, multiply and cause harmful effects on the normal functioning of the body. They can be transmitted from one person to another in a variety of ways, including direct physical contact, respiratory droplets, contaminated food or water, sexual contact, or through vectors such as mosquitoes or ticks.
Infectious diseases are caused by a variety of pathogenic micro-organisms. Pathogenic micro-organisms can be divided into three categories: The first category is non-cellular microorganisms: viruses belong to this category of microorganisms. It is small in size, does not have a typical cell structure and does not have an enzyme system to produce energy. It can only grow and reproduce inside the living cells of the host. The second category is prokaryotic microorganisms: these microorganisms have only a nucleoplasm, no nuclear membrane or nucleolus, and incomplete organelles, including bacteria, mycoplasmas, rickettsiae, chlamydiae, spirochetes and actinomycetes. The third category is eukaryotic cell-type microorganisms: these microorganisms have highly differentiated nuclei with nuclear membranes, nucleoli and chromosomes, and complete organelles in the cytoplasm, including fungi.
Viral infections caused by viruses, such as the HPV, HIV, Ebola virus, zika virus SARS-Cov-2 and other viruses. Bacterial Infections caused by bacteria, such as aeromonas and brucella abortus. Fungal infections caused by fungi, such as aspergillus and saccharomyces. Parasitic infections caused by parasites such as malaria, toxoplasmosis, trichomoniasis. Prion diseases caused by abnormally folded proteins, such as prion protein. Rickettsial diseases caused by bacteria carried by ticks, fleas, lice, and mites, such as typhus and lyme disease. Protozoan infections caused by singlecelled organisms, such as amoebic dysentrty, malaria, sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis), and trichomoniasis.
Infectious disease diagnostics is the process of identifying and characterizing the causative agent of an infectious disease. This can be done through clinical presentation alone or through more comprehensive diagnostic tests. These tests include culturing the infectious agent in conditions that promote the growth of microorganisms, examining stained samples under a microscope, conducting biochemical screens to test for antibodies produced by the immune system in response to the microorganism, testing for antigens from the microorganism that can stimulate an immune response in the body, and using molecular methods to test for genetic material such as DNA or RNA from the microorganism.
Creative Diagnostics offers an extensive range of infectious disease antibodies, antigens and ELISA kits optimized for immunoassay development and infectious disease testing.
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