Tetanus IgG ELISA Kit

Sample

Serum, plasma

Species Reactivity

Human

Detection Method

iELISA

Intended Use

Tetanus IgG ELISA is a quantitative test for detection of human IgG antibodies in serum or plasma directed against Tetanus toxin. For sale in the U.S. for Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Contents of Kit

1. Break apart microtiter test strips each with 8 antigen coated single wells (altogether 96), 1 frame, the coating material is inactivated. 12
2. Standard serum (ready-to-use), Human serum in phosphate buffer with protein; negative for anti-HIV-Ab, anti-HBs-Ag (Hepatitis B-Virus-surface antigen) and anti-HCV-Ab; preservative: < 0.1 % sodium azide, colouring: Amaranth O. 2 × 2 ml
3. Negative control serum (ready-to-use), Human serum in phosphate buffer with protein; negative for anti-HIV, anti-HBs (Hepatitis BVirus-surface antigen) and anti-HCV; preservative: < 0.1 % sodium azide, colouring: Lissamin green V. 2 ml
4. Anti-human-IgG-conjugate (ready-to-use), Anti-human-IgG from goat (polyclonal), conjugated to alkaline phosphatase, stabilized with protein stabilization solution preservative: 0.01 % methylisothiazolone, 0.01 % bromnitrodioxane.13 ml.
5. Washing solution concentrate (sufficient for 1 litre), Sodium chloride solution with Tween 20, 30 mM Tris, preservative: < 0.1 % sodium azide. 33.3 ml
6. Dilution buffer, Phosphate buffer with protein and Tween 20; preservative: < 0.1 % sodium azide 0.01 g/l Bromphenol blue sodium salt. 2 × 50 ml
7. Stopping solution, 1.2 N sodium hydroxide. 15 ml
8. Substrate (ready-to-use), Para-nitrophenylphosphate, solvent free buffer, preservative: < 0.1 % sodium azide, (Substrate in unopened bottle may have a slightly yellow color. This does not reduce the quality of the product!) 13 ml

Storage

Reagent	Storage	Stability
microtiter strips (antigen)	after opening at 2-8°C in closed aluminum bag with desiccant. Strips which are not used must be stored in the press-seal bag of aluminum compound foil under dry and airtight conditions!	4 weeks
control sera / standard sera	after opening at 2-8°C	until expiry date; 24 months from date of production
conjugate	ready-to-use solution, at 2-8°C, Avoid contamination (sterile tips!)	until expiry date 28 months from date of production
washing solution	concentrate after opening at 2-8°C; working dilution at 2-8°C; working dilution at room temperature. Bottles used for the working dilution should be cleaned regularly, discard cloudy solutions.	until expiry date; 2 weeks; 1 week
dilution buffer	after opening at 2-8°C, Discard cloudy solutions!; unopened	24 months; until expiry date; 36 months from date of production
substrate	ready-to-use solution at 2-8°C, protected from light! Avoid contamination (sterile tips!) Discard when solution turns yellow (extinction against distilled water > 0.25).	until expiry date 24 months from date of production
stopping solution	after opening at room temperature	until expiry date

General Description

Clostridium tetani, the causative agent of Tetanus, is an ubiquitous obligate anaerobic bacteria that lives in the intestines of many animals, and sometimes humans, without causing disease or inducing immunity.
The extremely resistant spores of Clostridium tetani reach the ground through feces and are able to survive there for years. The pathogen enters the host by way of contaminated wounds. In the presence of nutrients and anaerobic conditions, spores will convert back to the vegetative form of the bacterium which then produces tetanospasmin, a very potent neurotoxin which causes an increase in neuromuscular stimulation. After an incubation period of a few days up to several weeks (short incubation periods indicate a poor prognosis) the illness begins with nonspecific symptoms, primarily fatigue, followed up to 4 days later by characteristic cramps which spread craniofacially to caudally and may also affect the respiratory muscles. Sufferers are fully conscious during bouts of these extremely painful cramps which may be triggered by the slightest external stimuli.
During the course of tetanospasmin poisoning, the patient may suffer from renal, cardiac and circulatory failure, and a consumptive coagulopathy. Even with intensive care, over one third of patients die.
The safest prophylaxis against tetanus is active immunization with an effective tetanus toxoid vaccine. Side effects can occur after multiple vaccinations (repeated immunization or booster shots), varying from local and systemic allergic reactions to anaphylactic shock. Rare cases of death after tetanus vaccination have been described.
To check for immune status, serological detection of antitoxin IgG-antibodies with ELISA techniques are used.