The Human Anti-Hepatitis A Virus IgG ELISA Kit detects and quantifies anti-hepatitis A virus IgG in human serum or plasma of exposed or immunized animals. This immunoassay is suitable for: (1) Determining immune status relative to non-immune controls; (2) Assessing efficacy of vaccines, including dosage, adjuvantcy, route of immunization and timing; (3) Qualifying and/or standardizing vaccine batches and protocols. This kit is for research use only (RUO), not for diagnosis or therapeutic purposes.
Storage
The microtiter well plate and all other reagents, if unopened, are stable at 2-8°C until the expiration date printed on the box label. Stabilities of the working solutions are indicated under Reagent Preparation.
Sensitivity
Human Anti-Hepatitis A Virus IgG ELISA Kit
General Description
Hepatitis A is a self-limited disease and chronic stage or other complications are rare. Infections occur early in life in areas with poor sanitation and crowded living conditions. With improved sanitation and hygiene, infections are delayed and consequently the number of persons susceptible to the disease increases. Because the disease is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, in dense populated regions an outbreak can arise from single contaminated source. The Hepatitis virus (HAV) is a Picornavirus; it is non-enveloped and contains a single-stranded RNA packaged in a protein shell. HAV has four major, structural polypeptides (VP1-4; 60 copies of VP1, 30-33 kD; VP2, 24-30 kD; VP3 (21-28 kD) and it localizes exclusively in the cytoplasm of human hepatocytes. The infection with HAV induces strong immunological response and elevated levels first of IgM and then IgG are detectable within a few days after the onset of the symptoms. IgG is an indicator of past infection and immunity to HAV. HAV is detected by the presence of HAV antigens or antibodies using ELISA. HAV occurs endemically in all parts of the world.
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Background
Hepatitis A, also called hep A, is a contagious liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). HAV is a highly contagious virus that primarily spreads through the fecal-oral route, often through contaminated food or water. Once someone is infected with HAV, their immune system begins producing specific antibodies, including IgG, as a defense mechanism to neutralize the virus and eliminate it from the body. Anti-Hepatitis A Virus IgG antibodies are specific to HAV and are typically detected in the blood serum of individuals who have been previously exposed to HAV or have received a Hepatitis A vaccine. These antibodies provide long-term immunity against HAV, protecting individuals from future infections.
Figure 1. Time course of serological events associated with hepatitis A infection. (Source: Weinman, S. A. et al., 2014)
The Human Anti-Hepatitis A Virus IgG ELISA Kit is an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay designed for the in vitro determination of HAV-specific IgG antibodies in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, and other biological fluids. This quantitative ELISA kit provides researchers with a reliable tool to assess immune responses to HAV infection or vaccination.
Alternative Names
Human Anti-Hep A Virus IgG ELISA Human Anti-HAV IgG ELISA Anti-Hepatitis A virus antibody (IgG) ELISA Human Anti-Hepatitis A Virus IgG (HAV-IgG) ELISA Human HAV IgG ELISA Human Anti-Hep A Virus IgG ELISA Kit Human Anti-HAV IgG ELISA Kit Anti-Hepatitis A virus antibody (IgG) ELISA Kit Human Anti-Hepatitis A Virus IgG (HAV-IgG) ELISA kit Human HAV IgG ELISA Kit
References
1. Weinman S A, Taylor R. Viral Hepatitis. Pathobiology of Human Disease. 2014.
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Hepatitis A is a vaccine-preventable infection caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). Over 150 million new infections of hepatitis A occur annually. HAV causes an acute inflammatory reaction in the liver that usually resolves spontaneously without chronic sequelae. However, up to 20% of patients experience a prolonged or relapsed course and <1% experience acute liver failure. Host factors, such as immunological status, age, pregnancy and underlying hepatic diseases, can affect the severity of disease. Anti-HAV IgG antibodies produced in response to HAV infection persist for life and protect against re-infection; vaccine-induced antibodies against hepatitis A confer long-term protection. The WHO recommends vaccination for individuals at higher risk of infection and/or severe disease in countries with very low and low hepatitis A virus endemicity, and universal childhood vaccination in intermediate endemicity countries. To date, >25 countries worldwide have implemented such programmes, resulting in a reduction in the incidence of HAV infection. Improving hygiene and sanitation, rapid identification of outbreaks and fast and accurate intervention in outbreak control are essential to reducing HAV transmission.
Development and evaluation of indirect ELISAs for the detection of IgG, IgM and IgA1 against duck hepatitis A virus 1
Duck hepatitis A virus 1 (DHAV-1) is the principal pathogen that causes duck viral hepatitis (DHV), a highly fatal infectious disease in ducklings. Given the importance of the humoral immune response in the clearance of DHAV-1, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (I-ELISAs) to detect immune indices, including IgG, IgM and IgA1, were developed and evaluated in this study. The optimal concentrations of coating-antigen were 1.79 μg/ml, 2.23 μg/ml and 2.23 μg/ml for IgG, IgM and IgA1, respectively. Meanwhile, the optimal dilutions of sera were 1:80, 1:40 and 1:40, respectively; and of the conjugates were 1:300, 1:1800 and 1:800, respectively. Based on these conditions, three linear regression equations, y = 1.363 + 1.954 x (r2 = 0.983), y = 1.141 + 2.228 x (r2 = 0.970) and y = 1.103 + 1.559 x (r2 = 0.995) were derived for IgG, IgM and IgA1, respectively. Analytical sensitivities of the new methods were 1:2560, 1:1280 and 1:640 for IgG, IgM and IgA1, respectively. The concordances between the I-ELISAs and serum-neutralization were 95.2% for IgG and IgA1, and 75% for IgM. Although there was a weak cross-reaction with DHAV-3 positive serum for the IgG and IgA1 tests, it didn't affect the ability to detect DHAV-1 specific antibodies. Thus, these new I-ELISAs were shown to be potentially convenient methods to survey the status of humoral immune response to DHAV-1.
COA
Publication 
Figure 1. Time course of serological events associated with hepatitis A infection.
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