Plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Species Reactivity
Human
Detection Method
sELISA
Intended Use
For quantitative detection of CRP in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Contents of Kit
Storage
2-8°C for 6 months
Precision
Intra-Assay: CV<8% Inter-Assay: CV<10%
Detection Range
31.25-2000pg/ml
Sensitivity
18.75pg/ml
Standard Curve
Citations
Publication ()
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Multimodal Noninvasive Assessment of C-Reactive Protein for Systemic Inflammation in Adults: Cross-Sectional Study
Jinjoo Shim, Sinziana Muraru, Vanessa Löw, Caroline Evers, Sandro Riedo, Rucsandra Dobrota, Elgar Fleisch, Oliver Distler, Filipe Barata
JMIR Form Res2025 Aug 26PubMed ID: 40856619Read Article
Applications: ELISA Reactive species: Human
"Abstract: Background: Accurate and accessible measurements of inflammatory biomarkers are crucial for the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory diseases. The gold-standard C-reactive protein (CRP) requires venipuncture, which, despite providing high-quality samples, can cause discomfort, anxiety, and pain, particularly in vulnerable populations such as older patients. It is also resource-intensive, is unsuitable for remote or at-home use, and lacks continuous monitoring capability. These limitations limit patient autonomy and self-management, potentially leading to poorer prognosis due to delays in assessment and medical treatments. As digital health technologies advance, there is increasing interest in leveraging digital biomarkers for remote and real-time monitoring of systemic inflammation. Digital biomarkers derived from noninvasive biofluids could provide a scalable solution for tracking inflammatory status, offering a patient-centered alternative to traditional blood-based assessments. To date, however, there is no consensus on the most suitable modality for assessment or its digitization potential. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation of the feasibility, reliability, and patient acceptability toward noninvasive, digital inflammatory biomarkers is needed.
Objective: Our aim is to evaluate the feasibility of various noninvasive methods to assess inflammatory markers and identify the optimal modality for predicting serum CRP levels.
Methods: Inflammatory biomarkers were assessed in 20 participants (10 patients with systemic inflammation defined as a CRP level >5 mg/L and 10 controls) using 6 noninvasive samples (urine, sweat, saliva, exhaled breath, core body temperature, and stool samples) alongside serum samples. Patient preferences were retrieved via a questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation, and all-subset regression were conducted to assess the relationships between serum and nonserum biomarkers and identify optimal predictive models for serum CRP levels.
Results: CRP levels were significantly elevated in the inflammation group compared to controls in urine (median 4.5, IQR 4.15-10.3 vs median 0.69, IQR 0.24-1.39 μg/mmol; P=.001) and saliva (median 4910, IQR 2735-13,275 vs median 473, IQR 309-700 pg/mL; P=.001). Urine and saliva CRP levels strongly correlated with serum CRP (rsp=0.886; P<.001; rsp=0.709; P<.001). The multimodal model using urine and saliva CRP predicted serum CRP levels with 76.1% outperforming single-modality models. Patients favored urine and saliva tests over blood tests.
Conclusions: Urine and saliva represent promising noninvasive alternatives to traditional blood tests for assessing CRP, enabling more accessible and less invasive diagnostic and monitoring approaches." Article snippet: Saliva, urine, and sweat CRP were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (*, *, and Creative Diagnostics), following manufacturer protocols.
Figure 1. Distributions of CRP levels in serum and noninvasive biofluids among participants with SI and controls.
Background
C-reactive protein (CRP), initially identified and released into the bloodstream in response to hepatocellular inflammation, is an acute-phase positive reactant and an indicator of ongoing inflammatory processes and various diseases in the body. CRP is synthesized by the liver during the secretion of a variety of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). These proinflammatory cytokines increase the concentration of CRP and support the ongoing inflammatory process, whereas a decrease in their concentration usually signals the subsidence and termination of inflammation. The primary role of CRP in inflammation is to activate C1q molecules in the complement pathway, leading to opsonization of pathogens and thus active participation in the immune response to infection. Clinicians commonly use CRP to detect inflammatory processes and quantify their intensity in acute bacterial diseases. In addition, CRP is used to guide antibiotic therapy and identify resolution of inflammatory processes.
Not only in acute diseases, CRP levels are increased in chronic diseases such as autoimmune diseases, malignancies, inflammation and metabolic disorders. CRP is an independent and important risk factor for the development of ischemic cardiovascular disease, and different serum CRP levels suggest different risks for the development of ischemic cardiovascular disease. Elevated CRP levels can increase the area of ischemic necrosis through complement activation, leading to severe disease. Therefore, inhibition of CRP can be an effective and safe therapy for the treatment of myocardial ischemia and infarction.
Figure 1. Role of CRP in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (Source: Banait T, et al. 2022)
High sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) is a new and improved biochemical assay that is highly sensitive for quantifying CRP, even at very low levels. It allows us to estimate the overall level of inflammation in the body, and thus to understand the state of inflammation. Hs-CRP can be used as a predictor to indicate risk of heart disease and stroke risk, and even measures low levels of inflammation. The normal range for Hs-CRP is up to 1.0 mg/L. Exceeding this level increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Above 2.0 mg/L, the prognosis is poor, with a high incidence of complications and death.
Alternative Names
Human C-reactive protein ELISA Kit Human CRP ELISA Kit
References
1. Banait T, et al. Role of High-Sensitivity C-reactive Protein (Hs-CRP) in Non-communicable Diseases: A Review. Cureus. 2022 Oct 12;14(10):e30225.
2. Levinson T, et al. C-Reactive Protein Velocity (CRPv) as a New Biomarker for the Early Detection of Acute Infection/Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jul 22;23(15):8100.
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References
Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients With Lung Cancer Treated in a Tertiary Hospital in Madrid
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
Authors: Calles, Antonio; Inmaculada Aparicio, Maria; Alva, Manuel; Bringas, Marianela; Gutierrez, Natalia; Soto, Javier; Arregui, Marta; Clara Tirado, Victoria; Luis Alvarez, Enrique; del Monte-Millan, Maria; Massarrah, Tatiana; Galera, Mar; Alvarez, Rosa; Martin, Miguel
Background:Cancer patients represent a vulnerable population for COVID-19 illness. We aimed to analyze outcomes of lung cancer patients affected by COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital of a high-incidence region during the pandemic. Methods:We annotated 23 lung cancer patients consecutively diagnosed with COVID-19 at our institution (HGUGM; Madrid, Spain) between March 4th, 2020 and May 12th, 2020. Only patients with a confirmatory SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR were included in the study. Results:All patients had at least 1 COVID-19 related symptom; cough (48%), shortness of breath (48%), fever (39%), and low-grade fever (30%) were the most common. Time from symptoms onset to first positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR was 5.5 days (range 1-17), with 13% of cases needed from a 2nd PCR to confirm diagnosis. There was a high variability on thoracic imaging findings, with multilobar pneumonia as the most commonly found pattern (74%). Main lab test abnormalities were low lymphocytes count (87%), high neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio -NLR- (78%), and elevated inflammatory markers: fibrinogen (91%), c-reactive protein -CRP- (87%), and D-dimer (70%). In our series, hospitalization rate was 74%, 39% of patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and the case-fatality rate was 35% (8/23). 87% of patients received anti-viral treatment (87% hydroxychloroquine, 74% lopinavir/ritonavir, 13% azithromycin), 43% corticosteroids, 26% interferon-beta, 4% tocilizumab, and 82% of hospitalized patients received anticoagulation. High-oxygen requirements were needed in 39% of patients, but only 1 pt was admitted for invasive MV and was discharged 42 days after admission. Multiple variables related to tumor status, clinical baseline conditions, and inflammation markers were associated with mortality but did not remain statistically significant in a multivariate model. In patients with lung cancer receiving systemic therapy (n= 242) incidence and mortality from COVID-19 were 4.5, and 2.1%, respectively, with no differences found by type of treatment. Conclusions:Lung cancer patients represent a vulnerable population for COVID-19, according to the high rate of hospitalization, onset of ARDS, and high mortality rate. Although larger series are needed, no differences in mortality were found by type of cancer treatment. Measures to minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection remain key to protect lung cancer patients.
High-Sensitive c-Reactive Protein Levels in Euthymic Bipolar Patients: Case-Control Study
Bipolar disorder is a chronic, disabling disease that is characterized by the recurrence of thymic episodes. The role of the immune-inflammatory system in the etiopathogenesis of this affection arouses the interest of research. The aim of this work was to determine the plasma levels of the high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with bipolar disorder in remission phase by comparing them to a control group. A case-control cross-sectional study was conducted from 56 subjects with bipolar disorder in clinical remission, and 56 volunteers and healthy control subjects. Mean plasma hs-CRP was significantly higher in patients with bipolar disorder than control subjects. In bipolar patients, a hs-CRP elevation was significantly associated with the disease severity item mean score. Through this study, bipolar disorder appears to be associated with a state of chronic inflammation. This should lead to randomized controlled trials evaluating the value of anti-inflammatory drugs in the management of bipolar disorder.
COA
Publication 
Figure 1. Role of CRP in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases
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