Anti-Adenovirus Monoclonal antibody, Clone A144

In this work, a polypyrrole modified glassy carbon electrode (PPy/GCE) was used as a promising electrode for the electrochemical sensing of adefovir (ADV). The electrooxidation behavior of ADV was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave (SWV) and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) techniques. The oxidation mechanism of drug on PPy/GCE was proposed using the obtained data and discussed as details. The effect of the chemical and instrumental variables was carried out to select the optimum experimental conditions. The ADV electrooxidation was found to be diffusion-controlled process in 0.1 M H2SO4 (pH 1.0) solution. The electrochemical detection of ADV was studied using DPV technique where the anodic peak of ADV was measured as an analytical signal. The analytical plot was linear between 0.25 and 50.0 mu M with a good determination coefficient of 0.998 in bulk solution. The detection limit of ADV was obtained as 3.10 nM. Moreover, the fabricated sensor was applied to determine ADV in human serum over the concentration range 0.25-5.00 mu M (R-2 = 0.997) with the detection limit 0.06 mu M, whereas in urine 0.25-7.5 mu M (R-2 = 0.996) with the detection limit 0.04 mu M. The electroanalysis of ADV in tablet dosage forms was also verified with satisfactory recovery values.

Adenoviral vectors (AdVs) have attracted much attention in the fields of vaccine development and treatment for diseases such as genetic disorders and cancer. In this review, we discuss the utility of AdVs in cancer therapies. In recent years, AdVs were modified as oncolytic AdVs (OAs) that possess the characteristics of cancer cell-specific replication and killing. Different carriers such as diverse cells and extracellular vesicles are being explored for delivering OAs into cancer sites after systemic administration. In addition, there are also various strategies to improve cancer-specific replication of OAs, mainly through modifying the early region 1 (E1) of the virus genome. It has been documented that oncolytic viruses (OVs) function through stimulating the immune system, resulting in the inhibition of cancer progression and, in combination with classical immune modulators, the anti-cancer effect of OAs can be even further enforced. To enhance the cancer treatment efficacy, OAs are also combined with other standard treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) has mainly been explored to develop vectors for cancer treatment with different modulations. Only a limited number of the more than 100 identified AdV types were converted into OAs and, therefore, the construction of an adenovirus library for the screening of potential novel OA candidates is essential. Here, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of currently performed and completed clinic trials with OAs and an adenovirus library, providing novel possibilities for developing innovative adenoviral vectors for cancer treatment.