Anti-HBe ELISA is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for qualitative detection of antibodies to hepatitis B virus e antigen (anti-HBe) in human serum or plasma. It is intended for use in clinical laboratories for diagnosis and management of patients related to infection with hepatitis B virus.
Contents of Kit
1. Microwell plate 1 2. Negative Control 1x1ml 3. Positive Control 1x1ml 4. HRP-Conjugate 1x 6.5ml 5. Wash Buffer 1x30ml 6. Chromogen Solution A 1x7ml 7. Chromogen Solution B 1x7ml 8. Stop Solution 1x7ml
Storage
The components of the kit will remain stable through the expiration date indicated on the label and package when stored between 2-8°C, do not freeze. To assure maximum performance of anti-HBe ELISA, during storage, protect the reagents from contamination with microorganism or chemicals.
Sensitivity
Human Anti-HBeAb ELISA Kit
General Description
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Hepadnaviridae family and is recognized as the major cause of blood transmitted hepatitis together with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Infection with HBV induces a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from mild, inapparent disease to fulminant hepatitis, severe chronic liver disease which in some cases can lead to cirrhosis and carcinoma of the liver. Classification of a hepatitis B infection requires the identification of several serological markers expressed during three phases (incubation, acute and convalescent) of the infection. Now several diagnostic test are used for screening, clinical diagnosis and management of the disease. The hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), which is a product of the pre-C/C gene, has been found in the hepatocytes during proliferation of the hepatitis B virus. After proteolysis, the HBe protein is secreted into the serum in size varying from 16 kD to 20 kD. The e-antigen is associated with high degree of viral proliferation. HBeAg appears shortly after HBsAg and is detectable from few days to several weeks after infection. After treatment, in the recovery phase following acute hepatitis B, HBeAg - the first serological marker - becomes negative and is replaced by the corresponding antibody (anti-HBe). If HBeAg is considered a specific marker of infectivity, the presence of anti-HBe antibody in blood is recognized to be a clinical sign of recovery from the infection. Acute and persistent HBV infections can also occur without HBeAg being detectable. Demonstration of anti-HBe in these patients is an indication of the presence HBV mutants. These may be associated with high, low, or non-detectable quantities of virus. For this, anti-HBe test is meaningful only in association with the HBeAg test for monitoring the course of an HBV infection.
Citations
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Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enclosed double-stranded DNA virus with significant diversity that, upon isolation, is divided into ten genotypes (A-J). The genome encodes four major components: surface antigen (HBsAg), HBV polymerase, core antigen (HBcAg), and e antigen (HBeAg). HBeAg is a soluble protein produced during HBV replication that suppresses host immune responses and induces various forms of programmed cell death via macrophage phenotypic regulation, hence facilitating HBV's long-term survival in the body. Because of its specificity and sensitivity, HBV DNA is critical for measuring infection status in HBV serological diagnostics. As a particular marker for assessing viral replication and infectivity, HBeAg levels partially reflect the replication activity of HBV. Conversely, the presence of anti-HBe antibodies in blood indicates infection recovery status, useful for monitoring disease progression and treatment outcomes. However, HBeAg levels are influenced by multiple factors, thus not recommended as a standalone diagnostic marker.
Globally, around 300 million people suffer from chronic HBV infection, with 1.5 million new infections each year and over 800,000 deaths from consequences. The principal methods of transmission are sexual contact and improper injections. Due to its asymptomatic nature, infected individuals often remain unaware until complications arise, with a 30-40% risk of developing cirrhosis or liver cancer if not treated promptly. Notably, HBV co-infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is widespread due to their shared transmission channels. Hepatitis D virus (HDV), which relies on HBsAg for reproduction, frequently co-infects or overlaps with HBV, resulting in severe clinical consequences and complicating liver disease treatment.
Despite hepatitis B vaccination being available for over 40 years since infancy, 15% of newborns remain unvaccinated. Studies indicate decreasing antibody efficacy over time and the emergence of escape mutant strains, potentially causing acute infections despite vaccination. HBV persists in the liver long-term, necessitating lifelong medication predominantly with nucleos(t)ide analogs like entecavir and tenofovir, alongside pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG-IFNα) for sustained suppression. Challenges such as vaccine inefficacy, post-treatment rebound, and unavoidable resistance highlight the urgent need for novel gene therapies to eradicate HBV and achieve a hepatitis B cure.
Alternative Names
Anti-HBe Antibody ELISA Kit HBeAb ELISA Anti-Hepatitis B E Antibody ELISA Kit Hepatitis B e antibody ELISA Kit
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