Plant Growth, Physiological, and Biochemical Responses of Medic Savory [Satureja macrantha (Makino) Kudo] to Bio-organic and Inorganic Fertilizers
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AND BY-PRODUCTS-JMPB
Authors: Bakhtiari, Mitra; Mozafari, Hamid; Asl, Khalil Karimzadeh; Sani, Behzad; Mirza, Mehdi
Abstract
Nowadays, the use of bio-organic compounds has been increased due to adverse effects of chemical fertilizers in production of medicinal plants. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of soil amendments (bio-organic and inorganic fertilizers) on plant growth, physiological and biochemical properties of medic savory [Satureja macrantha (Makino) Kudo]. The experiment included nine treatments to be NPK (50:25:25 kg ha(-1)), vermicompost (VC) (5 t ha(-1)), NPK +VC, Thiobacillus (T), T + VC, T + sulfur (S) (250 kg ha(-1)), T+S 500 kg ha(-1), Glomus mosseae, and control (untreated plants). Plant height, the number of branches and crown area gradually increased with the application of soil amendments. Accordingly, the simultaneous application of VC and NPK fertilizer significantly increased the amount of these traits compared to other experimental treatments. According to the effect of combined amounts of inorganic, organic, and bio-fertilizers, it was noted that the combination of VC and NPK fertilizer gave the highest chlorophyll content. In both years, soil amendments used in our study gradually increased the total soluble sugar (TSS) and relative water content (RWC) compared to control. Higher essential oil (EO) content and yield were observed under the combination of VC and NPK in comparison toother soil amendments. Our results suggest the simultaneous application of VC and NPK to meet the optimum growth and EO yield of medic savory.
A Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging and O-2 Generating Injectable Hydrogel for Myocardial Infarction Treatment In vivo
SMALL
Authors: Ding, Jie; Yao, Yuejun; Li, Jiawei; Duan, Yiyuan; Nakkala, Jayachandra Reddy; Feng, Xue; Cao, Wangbei; Wang, Yingchao; Hong, Liangjie; Shen, Liyin; Mao, Zhengwei; Zhu, Yang; Gao, Changyou
Abstract
The excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hypoxia deteriorate the inflammation-related diseases such as myocardial infarction (MI), and thereby deter the normal tissue repair and recovery and further lead to severe fibrosis and malfunction of tissues and organs. In particular, the MI has become one of the leading causes of death nowadays. In this study, a novel type of injectable hydrogel with dual functions of ROS scavenging and O-2 generating is fabricated for MI treatment in vivo. The hydrogel is formed within 3 s from the synthetic ROS-cleavable hyperbranched polymers and methacrylate hyaluronic acid (HA-MA) under UV-irradiation. Addition of biocompatible and applicable catalase in vivo enables the further transition of H2O2, a major type of ROS, to O-2 and H2O. Results of rat MI model demonstrate that this hydrogel can significantly remove excessive ROS, inhibit cell apoptosis, increase M2/M1 macrophage ratio, promote angiogenesis, reduce infarcted area, and improve cardiac functions. With the appropriate degradation rate, simple structure and composition without cell seeding, and very excellent MI therapeutic effect, this ROS scavenging and O-2 generating hydrogel has a great promise to be applied clinically.