Rat HA(Hyaluronic Acid) ELISA Kit

The complexation of humic acid (HA) with dissolved Fe ions is beneficial to 2,4-dinitrotoluene degradation by PS/Fe2+, while the mechanism on HA binding with Fe ions is still unclear and warrants further exploration. In this study, the binding characteristics of HA with Fe ions and structural variations of HA during the complexation with Fe ions were investigated. Synchronous fluorescence analysis showed that the complexation ability of HA with Fe species at acid (pH = 5.0) and neutral condition (pH = 7.0) is higher than that of alkaline condition (pH = 9.0 and 11.0). Different components in HA including humic-like fraction (C1), fulvic-like fraction (C2), protein-like fraction (C3), and microbial-derived humic-like fraction (C4) were identified by excitation emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC). The complexation ability of C1, C2, and C4 with Fe species is higher than that of C3, and C1 and C4 primarily contributed to the complexation of HA with Fe species. Moreover, the sequence of HA structural variation during the complexation with Fe species was elucidated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy analysis (2D FTIR COS), and could be concluded as follows: ester -> quinoid rings -> aromatic groups -> aliphatic groups -> phenolic groups.

Co-simulation strategies using both Abaqus/Explicit and Abaqus/Implicit are investigated for analysing wave propagation in two-dimensional unbounded soil domain. The co-simulation is based on the coupling GC method, allowing for coupling different finite element codes with different time integrators and time-scales depending on the partitions of the domain. Absorbing layers using increasing damping (ALID), based on Rayleigh viscous damping, are considered at the boundary to model the semi-infinite medium. The proposed absorbing region is called hybrid (different time integrators) asynchronous (different time steps) absorbing layers using increasing damping (HA-ALID). Lamb's test and a wave barrier problem are investigated. First, HA-ALID turns out to be more accurate than non-reflective conditions available in Abaqus/Explicit. Second, the critical time step in the domain of interest remains unaffected by the choice of damping characteristics in the HA-ALID, contrary to the case of a full explicit computation. Third, the time steps for the solid barrier and the HA-ALID are not restrained by the CFL condition imposed by the explicit partition for stability reasons. Because of its good accuracy and ability to be realized using only FE Abaqus package, without a third-party software component, this strategy provides a wide range of applications in soil-structure interaction problems.