Anti-FTO (aa 1-30) polyclonal antibody

Organometallic halide perovskites have been arisen as a class of multi-purpose materials with exciting applications in optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photo detectors, and laser diodes. In spite of a significant hope in performance, still production process in ambient air and its stability must be addressed as the main issues for this type of material. In this work, a versatile and scalable fabricating process of halide mixed perovskite layers through electrochemical deposition of PbO(2)on FTO (fluorine-doped tin dioxide-coated glass) substrates and double-vapor transformation with HX and CH3NH3X (X = I & Br) vapors without using a glove box or a high vacuum system is demonstrated. Highly crystalline hollow-free electrodeposited perovskite layers on FTO substrate were achieved. Treatments with CH3NH3Br/CH3NH3I precursors were also investigated to check the possible impact on the quality of the final perovskite layer. It was illustrated that the use of CH3NH3I or CH3NH3Br precursors in the last step of the electrochemical synthesis can determine the properties of the perovskite film. When PbI(2)and PbBr(2)films exposed to CH3NH3Br vapor, bromine-treated perovskites were achieved with uniform grain size of similar to 1.5 to 2.3 mu m. Similar treatment with CH3NH3I vapor led to the smaller grain size perovskite layers (similar to 0.7 mu m). Final properties of all fabricated layers, including optical absorption, bandgaps the crystalline phases, and chemical composition, were characterized and compared.

The hybrid solar cell has been fabricated using natural dye extracted from basil or ocimum leaves and ZnO thin film. The extracted natural dye was deposited on ZnO thin films and dried at room temperature. The semiconductor layer of ZnO was fabricated on FTO-coated glass substrate using magnetron sputtering with a thickness of 500 nm. A photocathode was prepared from the Au-Pd mixture using sputtering for a top electrode. ZnO has been confirmed using X-ray diffraction and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy measurements. The photovoltaic characteristics of the prepared DSSCs were studied by measuring theI-Vcharacteristics under the illumination of halogen light. Photocurrent and photovoltage both are increased in the cell. The value of short-circuit current (I-sc), open-circuit voltage (V-oc), and photon energy conversion efficiency (eta) were calculated for a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). DSSCs provide the promising light to electrical energy conversion efficiency due to their low-cost fabrication, environmentally friendly elements, and low maintenance. DSSC offers transparent solar cell modules with the capabilities of the use of hybrid composition such as organic and inorganic materials. The basil/ZnO-based hybrid devices can also be useful for photoelectrochemical cell and water splitting applications.