Influence of amines in the synthesis and properties of mesostructured aluminas and assessment as supports for Co-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Mohammadnasabomran, Sophia; Tavasoli, Ahmad; Zamani, Yahya; Marquez-Alvarez, Carlos; Perez-Pariente, Joaquin; Martinez, Agustin
Abstract
The influence of addition of amines (hexylamine, tripropylamine, dodecylamine, and hexadecylamine) and dopants (Zr, Ce) on the properties of mesostructured aluminas (MAs) synthesized using either Tergitol 15-S-9 or Triton X-114 surfactants was investigated. Selected MAs were evaluated as supports for Co and Ru-Co catalysts and their Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) performance assessed at 493 K, 2.0 MPa, and H-2/CO = 2. The materials were characterized by XRD, N-2 sorption, TG-DTG, EA, XPS, H-2-TPR, H-2 chemisorption, and STEM. Regardless of the surfactant, all amines enlarged the pore size of undoped MAs by ca. 2-3 nm. The impact of amines on BET area and pore volume depended, however, on the surfactant-amine combination and on the presence and concentration of dopants. The Ru-promoted catalyst supported on the MA synthesized with Tergitol-tripropylamine doped with Zr displayed the highest FTS activity and C5+ selectivity due to both high cobalt reducibility and optimum particle size (8 nm).
Morphology of the spinal nerves from the cervical segments of the spinal cord of the African giant rat (Cricetomys Gambianus)
ANATOMIA HISTOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGIA
Authors: Maidawa, Sunday Men; Ali, Magdalene Nkweshi; Imam, Jibrin; Salami, Suleiman Olawoye; Hassan, Adamu Zoaka; Ojo, Samuel Adeniyi
Abstract
This study provides detailed description of the gross morphology and distribution of the nerves arising from the cervical segments of the spinal cord of the African Giant Rat (AGR). Two (2) AGRs were used for this study. The rats were euthanized using halothane. The skin and superficial fascia were removed, and dissection of the muscles in the cervical region and thoracic limbs was carried out. The vertebral canal was opened by means of a rongeur. Eight (8) pairs of spinal nerves (C1-C8) arose from the cervical segments of the spinal cord of the AGR by means of dorsal and ventral roots which merged lateral to the spinal cord to form spinal nerves. Each cervical spinal nerve divided into a dorsal and ventral ramus just before exiting the intervertebral foramen. The dorsal rami divided into medial and lateral branches distributed on the medial faces of the semispinalis and splenius muscles, respectively. The ventral rami of C1, C2 and a branch from C3 interconnected to form the cervical plexus from which branches were distributed to the M. cleidomstoideus, M. cleidooccipitalis, M. occipitoscapularis, M. omotransversarius and M. trapezius. The ventral rami of C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1 (first thoracic spinal nerve) interconnected to form the brachial plexus. The cervical spinal nerves gave rise to dorsal rami or primary branches that supplied the skin and muscles of the dorsal part of the neck and the ventral primary branches which interconnected to give rise to the cervical plexus and brachial plexuses of the AGR.