Malachite Green [BSA]

This paper discusses the formation of math grammar rules for LATEX math equations. These rules are used to generate Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) which extracts structural information from mathematical expressions given in LATEX format. Later AST is used to generate XML structure of mathematical expressions that make mathematical expressions machine-readable in heterogeneous environments. A rule-based algorithm is also proposed that converts LATEX math expressions into Content MathML (CMML), which produces semantic enrichment in web documents. The rules for writing LATEX math equations are formulated and implemented as LATEX Math Grammar (LMG), which are used for generating AST. Further, AST is converted into XML structure which is used to generate CMML encoding. Initially, the conversion algorithm is tested on 20 equations used in an NTCIR-12 math competition, then the algorithm is tested on NTCIR-12 Wikipedia-MathIR and ArXiv data sets. The results show that our algorithm is capable of converting LATEX complex equations into CMML extensively as compared to the existing ones as well as its time efficiency is better than contemporary systems.

A bacterial strain designated CAR-16(T) was isolated from a freshwater lake in Taiwan and characterized using the polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile by gliding, rod-shaped and formed rose-colored colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 30 degrees C, pH 7 and with 0% NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 165 rRNA gene sequences and coding sequences of 92 protein clusters indicated that CAR-16(T) represented a member of the family Cytophagaceae and formed a phylogenetic lineage in the genus Aquirufa. CAR-16(T) was most closely related to Aquirufa nivalisilvae 59G-WUEMPEL(T )with a 99.7% 165 rRNA gene sequence similarity. CAR-16(T) showed 71.2-79.5% average nucleotide identity and 17.8-21.7% digital DNA-DNA hybridization identity with the strains of other species of the genus Aquirufa. The major fatty acids of strain CAR-16(T) were iso-C-15:0, iso-C-15(:0) 3-OH, C-16:1 omega 5c and summed feature 3 (C-16:1 omega 7c/C-16(:1)omega 6c and/or iso-C-15:0 2-OH). The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine and several uncharacterized aminophospholipids, phospholipids and lipids. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The genomic DNA G+C content of CAR-16(T) was 38.8 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic properties and phylogenetic inference, CAR-16(T) should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Aquirufa, for which the name Aquirufa rosea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAR-16(T) (=BCRC 81153(T)=LMG 30923(T)=KCTC 62869(T)).