Leucomalachite Green [KLH]

A yellowish-orange-coloured bacterial strain, PSI-22(T), was isolated from a freshwater river in Taiwan. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain PSI-22(T) belonged to the genus Flavobacterium and showed the highest identity with respect to Flavobacterium dispersum MVW-23(T) (98.0 %), Flavobacterium tistrianum GB 56.1(T) (97.1 %), Flavobacterium denitrificans ED5(T) (97.1 %) and Flavobacterium daemonense THG-DJ7(T) (97.0 %) and less than 97 % to other members of the genus. Cells of strainPSI-22(T) were Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, motile by gliding and rod-shaped. Optimal growth occurred at 30 degrees C, pH 6 and in the presence of 0.5% NaCl. Strain PSI-22(T) contained iso-C-15:0 and summed feature 3 (C-16:1 omega 6c and/or C-16:1 omega 7c) as the predominant fatty acids. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, one uncharacterized aminophospholipid, one uncharacterized aminophosphoglycolipid, two uncharacterized aminolipids, one uncharacterized phospholipid and one uncharacterized lipid. The major polyamine was homospermidine. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6 and the DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 41.4 mol%. The DNA-DNA hybridization value for strain PSI-22(T) with F. dispersum BCRC 80978(T), F. tistrianum KCTC 42679(T), F. denitrificans DSM 15936(T) and F. daemonense KACC 17651(T) was less than 30 %. On the basis of the phylogenetic inference and phenotypic data, strain PSI-22(T) should be classified as a novel species, for which the name Flavobacterium effusum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PSI-22(T) (=BCRC 80973(T)=LMG 29553(T)=KCTC 52233(T)).

Two Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, facultative anaerobic and rod-shaped motile bacteria, designated strains BEI176(T) and BEI207(T), were isolated from seawater collected in the East China Sea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains BEI176(T) and BEI207(T) belonged to the genus Vibrio and were closely related to each other with 98.18% similarity. The closest phylogenetic relatives of strain BEI176(T) were Vibrio alginolyticus LMG 4409(T) (98.85%) and Vibrio campbellii LMG 11216T (98.81 %), whereas the closest relative of strain BEI207(T) was Vibrio hepatarius LMG 20362(T) (98.64%). The two strains showed growth at different conditions; while strain BEI176(T) grew at 16-37 degrees C, pH 5.0-9.5 and 0-7.0% (w/v) NaCl, the growth of strain BEI207(T) occurred at 10-37 degrees C, pH 6.0-9.5 and 1.0-7.0% (w/v) NaCl. Both strains shared the same major fatty acid components of summed feature 3 (C-16:1 omega 7c or C-16:1 omega 6c), C-16:0 and summed feature 8 (C-18:1 omega 6c or C-18:1 omega 7c). The DNA G+C contents of the assembled genomic sequences were 44.73 and 45.06 mol% for strains BEI176(T) and BEI207(T), respectively. Average nucleotide identity values between the two strains and their reference species were lower than the threshold for species delineation (95-96 %); in silico DNA-DNA hybridization further showed that the two strains had less than 70% similarity to their relatives. Therefore, two novel Vibrio species are proposed to accommodate them: Vibrio ouci sp. nov. (type strain, BEI176(T)=MCCC 1K03515(T)=JCM 32690(T)=KCTC 62616(T)) and Vibrio aquaticus sp. nov. (type strain, BEI207(T)=MCCC 1K03516(T)=JCM 32691(T)=KCTC 62617(T)).