CDSimple™ E2 Chemiluminescent ELISA Kit

Objectives: Hyperprolactinemia leads to corpus luteum failure, sporadic ovulation, and ultimately, anovulation and amenorrhea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the vitex agnus-castus fruit extract (Vitagnus tablet) on the levels of blood prolactin and sex hormones and to compare its histological effect with that of bromocriptine and Dostinex on women with hyperprolactinemia. Materials and Methods: To this end, of women at reproductive age with hyperprolactinemia who had referred to healthcare centers, 105 cases were selected and randomly assigned to three groups of bromocriptine, Dostinex, and Vitagnus. During the time of research (4 cycles), patients were treated with these drugs, and finally, the titer of prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone, and estrogen, and progesterone of the blood serum sample were measured accordingly. At the beginning of the follicular phase, the ultrasound scan was done to determine the endometrial thickness and if necessary, the histological study was conducted using the endometrial biopsy sample. Results: Based on the results, the prolactin level in the bromocriptine group started to show a significant difference from previous cycles in the second cycle, and in the first cycle in the other two groups (P < 0.05). In addition, the rate of the decrease in endometrial thickness in the Vitagnus group was significant compared to other groups (P < 0.05). At the third stage and later, bromocriptine and Dostinex had a significant effect on the FSH level while the effect of Vitagnus was not significant at any of the stages. The results further revealed that the amounts of estradiol in the Vitagnus group had a significant increase compared to other groups (P < 0.05). The effect of Vitagnus and Dostinex tablets on the HL level appeared from the 4th and 3rd cycles onward, respectively, while no significant effect of bromocriptine was found at any of the stages. Eventually, the effect of the Vitagnus tablet on progesterone was remarkable compared to the other two mediations in the 2nd and 3rd cycles. Conclusions: Similar to other drugs, Vitagnus has a significant effect on the amount of prolactin and sex hormones and thus can be successfully used in treating hyperprolactinemia. Finally, reductions in endometrial thickness were significant in the Vitagnus group compared to the other two groups.

Objectives: The determinants of an increased risk of an organic pathology underlying central precocious puberty (CPP) in girls remain contentious. The present study aimed to determine the clinical and hormonal findings that can be used to differentiate organic and idiopathic CPP in girls as a screening method so that only those considered likely to have organic CPP undergo cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Subjects and methods: The medical records of 286 girls that received GnRH agonist (GnRHa) therapy for CPP were retrospectively evaluated. Chronological and bone age, height, pubertal stage, and basal/stimulated gonadotropin and estradiol (E-2) levels, as well as cranial MRI findings at the time CPP was diagnosed were recorded. Clinical and hormonal parameters that can be used to differentiate between girls with organic and idiopathic CPP were identified using ROC curves. Results: Organic CPP was noted in 6.3% of the participants. Puberty started before age 6 years in 88.9% of the girls with organic CPR Mean E 2 and peak luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were higher in the girls with organic CPP than in those with idiopathic CPP that were matched for pubertal stage, as follows: early stage puberty (Tanner 2 and 3): E-2: 62.4 +/- 19.8 pg/mL vs. 29.1 +/- 9.5 pg/mL; peak LH: 16.8 +/- 3.2 IU/L vs. 12.2 +/- 3.7 IU/L; advanced stage puberty (Tanner 4): mean E-2 : 87.6 +/- 3.4 pg/mL vs. 64.6 +/- 21.2 pg/mL; peak LH: 20.8 +/- 0.4 IU/L vs. 16.6 +/- 5.8 IU/L (P < 0.001 for all). Thresholds for differentiating organic and idiopathic CPP in girls with early-stage puberty were 38.1 pg/mL for E-2 (100% sensitivity and 80.4% specificity) and 13.6 IU/L for peak LH (100% sensitivity and 66.4% specificity). Conclusion: Pubertal symptoms and signs generally begin before age 6 years and hormone levels are much higher than expected for pubertal stage in girls with organic CPP. Based on the present findings, cranial MRI is recommended for girls aged < 6 years, as the risk of diagnosing an organic pathology is highest in this age group. Hormone levels higher than expected for pubertal stage might be another indication for cranial MRI, regardless of patient age. Cranial MRI should be performed in girls with early-stage puberty, and an E-2 level > 38 pg/mL and/or a peak LH level > 13.6 IU/L.