Anti-3-Ethynylestradiol polyclonal antibody

Endocrine-disrupting are chemical substances that have hormonal activity and can potentially cause diseases to the endocrine system in animals, including humans. Therefore, there is a necessity of to develop sensitive, specific, and reliable analytical systems capable to detect compounds using low-cost and portable devices. In this study, were developed cantilever nanoimmunosensors for beta-estradiol and estrone hormones detection in tap water. The cantilever nanoimmunosensorswere functionalizedwith anti-beta-estradiol and anti-estrone antibodies. The device surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and showed an efficient functionalization with conformational changes. Results demonstrated a linear relationship in a range between 0.01 and 50 mu g/L. A limit of detection of 9 and 26 ng/L (0.009 and 0.026 ppb) and sensitivity of 0.390 and 0.140 V/ng were observed for beta-estradiol and estrone hormones using the cantilever nanoimmunosensors functionalized anti-beta-estradiol and antiestrone, respectively. These results demonstrate that these devices are suitable to be apply in tap water for quality monitoring and detection beta-estradiol and estrone.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of three different doses of estradiol-17 beta on ovulation and subsequent luteal development and function in llamas. Twenty-three llamas were examined daily by transrectal ultrasonography until the detection of an ovulatory follicle (>= 8 mm). Thereafter, animals were divided into five groups: Control (n = 3; treated with 1.6 ml of saline solution), GnRH group (n = 6, treated with an intravenous injection of 8.4 mu g Buserelin), and estradiol groups that received 0.6 mg (E1, n = 4), 1 mg (E2, n = 4), or 1.6 mg (E3, n = 6) of estradiol-17 beta intravenously. Detection of ovulation was based on ultrasonographic visualization of disappearance of the largest follicle and subsequent presence of a newly formed corpus luteum (CL) and progesterone concentration exceeding 1 ng ml(-1). Daily blood samples were collected to determine plasma progesterone concentration. Ovulation rate was 0% for control and E1 groups, 25% for E2 group, and 100% for GnRH and E3 groups. Differences in the mean CL diameter between GnRH and E3 groups were not statistically significant. Plasma progesterone concentration was similar between groups during the different days in ovulated animals. However, the day that the plasma progesterone concentration was above 1 ng ml(-1) and the day that the highest plasma progesterone concentration was achieved differed among E3 and GnRH groups, occurring later in females treated with estradiol. In conclusion, an injection of estradiol-17 beta is capable of inducing ovulation in llamas and the response depends on the dose used. Most of the animals required the highest tested dose (1.6 mg) to induce the ovulatory process. Although the CL diameter in females induced to ovulate with estradiol was similar to that in llamas induced to ovulate with a GnRH analog, the rise in plasma progesterone concentration above 1 ng ml(-1) and the peak progesterone concentration were attained 1 day later in the estradiol treated females.