Anti-Morphine monoclonal antibody

Background and Aim: The best analgesic technique after hip surgeries is a matter of debate. This clinical trial aimed to assess the effect of transmuscular ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum (QL) block on post-operative analgesic consumption after hip arthroplasty in elderly patients. Methods: This prospective randomised double-blind study was carried out on 60 patients aged 60-80 years presented for total hip replacement under unilateral spinal anaesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups: A control group, receiving sham transmuscular QL block (QLB) (1 ml of normal saline), and a QL group, receiving real transmuscular QLB (30 ml of plain bupivacaine 0.25%). Post-operative morphine consumption (primary outcome), post-operative pain score (secondary outcome), time to the first request of rescue analgesia, patient's satisfaction and the occurrence of post-operative complications were measured. Results: Compared to the control group, the use of QLB in the second group significantly decreased intravenous morphine consumption postoperatively from 8.50 +/- 3.06 mg to 5.60 +/- 3.22 mg (P = 0.0007) with a significant prolongation of the time to the first call for analgesia (P < 0.0001). It also decreased the post-operative visual analogue score 4 h, 6 h and 8 h postoperatively (P. 0.05). However, there was no difference between both the groups regarding patient's satisfaction and the occurrence of complications (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The use of transmuscular QLB in patients undergoing total hip replacement decreased post-operative analgesic consumption and post-operative pain score and prolonged post-operative analgesia. It did not affect patients' satisfaction and occurrence of post-operative complications.

Delphinium denudatum Wall. is one of the important medicinal herbs of traditional Persian medicine and is known as Jadwar. Medicinal plants are the most widely used drugs in traditional Persian medicine and has been used for various diseases since earlier times. The medicinal uses of Delphinium denudatum Wall. date back to over 1,000 years ago. Rhazes (845-925 C.E.) was the first Persian physician and scientist who reported the use of Delphinium denudatum Wall. as a herbal remedy. During the following centuries, the usages of Delphinium denudatum Wall. in the treatment of various diseases has been mentioned in the books and references of traditional Persian medicine for cures to various diseases such as neurologic and psychiatric disease, gastrointestinal disease, fever, pain, and poisoning. According to modern studies, the dried roots of Delphinium denudatum Wall. have antipyretic, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and pain-relieving properties. Biomolecules from roots of Delphinium denudatum Wall. were also identified as potential cures for central nervous system diseases as well as for the amelioration of morphine addiction. Delphinium denudatum Wall., with its properties involving the prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction, reduction of oxidative stress, and inflammation and immune dysregulation, can be utilized in curing inflammatory disorders. The effective therapeutic influence of root extract of Delphinium denudatum Wall. against several diseases needs to be confirmed through controlled clinical trials. This article reviews the different features of Delphinium denudatum Wall. and focuses on the well-known therapeutic effects of this herbal drug on various human disorders and animal disease models.