Anti-HA tag antibody [HRP]

The spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential to estimate the SOC reserves. Therefore, the soils ability to store organic carbon is a key factor for climate regulation and for other soil functions. The soil management and the topographic position play an important role in SOC variation, especially when the landscape is not uniform (Mediterranean areas). Many researches have explored the SOC distribution according to topographic position in hillsides for long-term, but very few studies have focused on the short term. Therefore, it is necessary to know, the changes that taking place in the soil due to land management change (LMC) in these irregular surfaces for sustainable agricultural production and its implications on climate change regulation. This study aims to assess the influence of topographic position and LMC on SOC stock (SOC-S) in Mediterranean olive groves (OG) soils in short term (2 years). In this line, three experimental plots were selected in three topographical position (summit- S, backslope - B and toeslope -T). In these plots, the land management was modified from conventional tillage (CT) to no tillage (NT) with application of pruned olive branch chippings branches and vegetation cover (spontaneous vegetation) in the OG streets. The studied soils did not show important changes due to LMC in their physical properties for short term, in addition, these soils were characterized by low organic matter content (<12%). LMC caused a SOC reduction in surface, and a SOC increase in the Bw horizon. The N concentrations showed a similar trend to SOC and the C:N ratios were highly variable (437: C horizon-NT-S; 13.45 Bw/C horizon -CT-B). Normally, the SOC-S concentrations decreasing in depth. LMC for two years showed soil carbonization (5 and T position) and decarbonization (B position) processes. The SOC-S increased 1.88 Mg ha(-1) y(-1) and 0.47 Mg ha(-1) y(-1) for S and T topographic position respectively, however the SOC-S decreased in B position 5.27 Mg ha(-1) y(-1). Therefore, LMC has a positive effect on soil carbon reserves in S and T position, conversely in B position, this effect was negative. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) involves water stress management in different phenological periods throughout the season. Research in olive trees (oil production) suggested RDI during pit hardening based in predawn and midday stem water potential (SWP) thresholds. However, the previous thresholds may not be extrapolated to table olive because fruit size, a very important feature in the table olive yield quality, is very sensitive to water stress. RDI in table olive deserve further research to determine the optimal water potential thresholds and the duration of the RDI periods for the specificity of the crop (low crop load to promote high fruit size). The aim of this work was to study different RDI schedules during pit hardening, considering different levels and durations of water stress. The experiment was performed in the 2015, 2016 and 2017 seasons, in a commercial mature table olive orchard (cv. Manzanilla) in Dos Hermanas (Seville, Spain). Control treatments were based on midday SWP measurement in order to optimize the water status with values around - 1.4 MPa. Two RDI treatments were applied during pit hardening, dated (according to the changes in longitudinal fruit growth) from mid-June to the last week of August) to maintain water potential values around -2 MPa (RDI-1) and -3.5 MPa (RDI-3). Another RDI treatment (RDI-2) received irrigation to maintain values around -3.5 MPa but the recovery was performed at early July in order to obtain different durations of water stress. Irrigation strategies were evaluated with water relations measurements (soil moisture, gas exchange), fruit and shoot growth and quality and quantity yield indicators. Yield was not significantly affected in any of the RDI treatments with an ANOVA analysis. However, fruit drop estimated as the percentage of fruit lost only in the period of water deficit was related with water stress parameters (SWP and stress integral, IS). In addition, the relationship between fruits size and these latter parameters were significant and change according to yield level. Irrigation treatments did not affect next season yield because shoot growth and number of inflorescence at the beginning of each season were not different. RDI effect changed according to yield level, mainly in relation with fruit size. Data suggest that yield levels up to 12 t ha(-1) were possible to manage RDI without affecting fruit size or reducing commercial quality.