Ret (Phospho-Tyr1015) ELISA Kit

Designing a stable and sensitive luminol-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) analytical platform in the neutral condition has attracted a lot of attention. Here, gold-nanoparticle-functionalized cobalt-nickel phosphate three-dimensional nanoice creams (Au@Co3Ni3(PO4)(4) NICs) are successfully prepared via electrostatic interaction. Generally, cobalt-nickel phosphate nanoice creams (Co3Ni3(PO4)(4) NICs) are synthesized via a mild hydrothermal method and functionalized via polyethylenimine (PEI). Then, Au NPs are adsorbed on the surface of Co3Ni3(PO4)(4) NICs via Au-N weak interaction to fabricate Au@Co3Ni3(PO4)(4) NICs. Owing to the important roles of Au@Co3Ni3(PO4)(4) in exhibiting excellent electrocatalytic activity, as well as preventing the deposition of negatively charged oxidation product induced electrode passivation, luminol in the nanohybrids (LH-Au@Co3Ni3(PO4)(4)) gives strong and stable ECL intensity in the neutral conditions. Moreover, the ECL emission of luminol is obviously quenched based on the resonance energy transfer (RET) between luminol as donor and cytochrome c (Cyt c) as acceptor. Hence, a sensitive ECL biosensor is successfully fabricated for the quantitative determination of Cyt c in cell lysates and exhibits wide linear ranges of 1.0 x 10(-4) -0.5 x 10(-5) and 0.5 x 10(-5) -1.0 x 10(-8) M as well as a low detection limit of 2.48 nM. This novel sensing strategy will broaden the application of transition metal (Co, Ni) phosphates in bioassays.

The design and synthesis of anchoring groups of bisphosphonate-amine (BP-NH2) are presented for the preparation of polymeric ligands on luminescent nanoparticles (NPs). Such ligands serve as overcoatings to impart colloidal stability and conjugation chemistries. These ligands were placed on quantum dots (QDs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), gold nanourchins (AuNUs), and iron oxide NPs (IONPs). The BP-NH2 anchoring groups were coupled to copolymers comprised of amine-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (NH2-PEG) and poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PIMA) units via aza-Michael coupling. In all cases, polymer synthesis was done as a one-pot reaction of amine-containing precursors with PIMA. The BP-NH2 anchoring groups provided similar colloidal stability as monophosphonate-amine (MP-NH2) anchoring groups on AuNPs. QDs were found to be more optically stable when coated with BP-NH2 vs MP-NH2 functionalized polymers in high-ionic-strength buffers, such as 5x phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The versatility of BP-PIMA-PEG as universal NP overcoating chemistry was demonstrated through successful application onto IONPs and AuNUs of various sizes (50, 60, 80, and 100 nm in diameter) via simple ligand exchange reactions. Polymers that were functionalized with azide groups were prepared as substrates suitable for copper-free click chemistry addition of alkyne dyes. Successful coupling of dyes to the azide-copolymer-coated nanoparticles was verified by spectroscopic investigations of near-field resonance energy transfer (RET) interactions. Thus, a series of surface coordinating polymers with affinity to multiple materials were synthesized that yielded nanoparticles exhibiting good colloidal stability and that were amenable to subsequent conjugation reactions.