Sheep anti Human Thrombin (FIIa) polyclonal antibody [Biotin]

To investigate effect of molecular weight distribution on formation of the short-chain amylose-lipid complex, debranched waxy rice starch (Unf) was fractionated into F1, F2 and F3, and the four fractions were used to complex with palmitic acid (C16:0). The peak molecular weight was in the order of F1 < Unf < F2 < F3, and the distribution was in the order of Unf> F3 > F1 > F2. XRD and DSC analysis indicated that the Unf-C16:0 complex was amorphous with the melting temperature (T-m) < 100 degrees C while the F3-C16:0 complex was highly ordered with T-m > 100 degrees C. Moreover, the F1-C16:0 complex was more ordered than the Unf-C16:0 complex, although F1 had lower molecular weight. These results suggested that improving homogeneity of short-chain amylose promoted ordered arrangement of the short-chain amylose-lipid complex. Moreover, the F3-C16:0 complex was the most resistant, which accorded with its highest crystallinity.

Fish by-products are excellent sources of collagen. Acid-soluble collagen (ASC) derived from a mixed by-product of different fish species was hydrolyzed to obtain peptide fractions and evaluate their biological and functional activities. All fractions obtained (F1: >= 30, F2: 10-30, F3: 5-10, F4: 1-5, and F5: <= 1kDa) exhibited antioxidant activity at concentrations of 5, 10, and 15 mg/mL. However, F5 registered the highest reducing power (absorbance 0.366) and hydroxyl-radical-scavenging activity (91%) at 15 mg/mL; whereas the highest DPPH% scavenging activity (81%) was also detected in F5 at 5 mg/mL. The solubility of F1, F2, and F3 was >= 95% at pH 7. The highest foaming capacity (78%), foaming stability (60%), and emulsion stability index (42 min) were registered for F1. However, the highest emulsifying activity index (130 m(2)/g) was for F3. These results place collagen obtained from a mixed by-product of different fish species as a potential biotechnological alternative for the industry.