The protein encoded by this gene is a member of theToll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role inpathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs arehighly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural andfunctional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associatedmolecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents,and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for thedevelopment of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibitdifferent patterns of expression. This receptor is most abundantlyexpressed in placenta and pancreas, and is restricted to thedendritic subpopulation of the leukocytes. It recognizes dsRNAassociated with viral infection, and induces the activation ofNF-kappaB and the production of type I interferons. It may thusplay a role in host defense against viruses. Use of alternativepolyadenylation sites to generate different length transcripts hasbeen noted for this gene.
Pathway
Activated TLR4 signalling; Activation of IRF3/IRF7 mediated by TBK1/IKK epsilon; Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Herpes simplex infection; IKK complex recruitment mediated by RIP1; Immune System;
Citations
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