We review eighteen species of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera: Nepticuloidea) from Asia and describe eleven new species from Central Asia and the western Himalaya: Stigmella ziziphifidia Rociene & Stonis, sp. nov., S. damocles Remcikis, sp. nov., S. pyramidata Diskus & Navickaite, sp. nov., S alilediella Diskus & Navickaite, sp. nov., S. longa Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., S. latilobata Diskus & Navickaite, sp. nov., S. paniculata Diskus & Navickaite, sp. nov., Ectoedemia orbiculata Dikus, Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., Acalyptris brunipexus Stonis, Diskus & Remeikis, sp. nov., A. noctilucus Rociene & Stonis, sp. nov., and A. nasutus Diskus & Navickaite, sp. nov. The new taxa are illustrated with photographs of the adults, their genitalia, and, if available, leaf mines. We also provide the first photographic documentation of adults and male genitalia of some Asiatic species. We synonymize E. petrosa Puplesis with E. spinosella (de Joannis), and E. rosiphila Puplesis with E. ingloria Puplesis.