Recombinant Human BSG (a.a.138-323) [His, Myc]

Serrated polyps have been recognised in the last decade as important premalignant lesions accounting for between 15% and 30% of colorectal cancers. There is therefore a clinical need for guidance on how to manage these lesions; however, the evidence base is limited. A working group was commission by the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) Endoscopy section to review the available evidence and develop a position statement to provide clinical guidance until the evidence becomes available to support a formal guideline. The scope of the position statement was wide-ranging and included: evidence that serrated lesions have premalignant potential; detection and resection of serrated lesions; surveillance strategies after detection of serrated lesions; special situations-serrated polyposis syndrome (including surgery) and serrated lesions in colitis; education, audit and benchmarks and research questions. Statements on these issues were proposed where the evidence was deemed sufficient, and re-evaluated modified via a Delphi process until >80% agreement was reached. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) tool was used to assess the strength of evidence and strength of recommendation for finalised statements. Key recommendation: we suggest that until further evidence on the efficacy or otherwise of surveillance are published, patients with sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) that appear associated with a higher risk of future neoplasia or colorectal cancer (SSLs >= 10 mm or serrated lesions harbouring dysplasia including traditional serrated adenomas) should be offered a one-off colonoscopic surveillance examination at 3 years (weak recommendation, low quality evidence, 90% agreement).

In this work, brewers' spent grain (BSG) and ground tire rubber (GTR) waste fillers were applied as low-cost reinforcement phase in rigid polyurethane foam (PUR). PUR/BSG/GTR composites were prepared by a single step method, using polyglycerol as partial substitute of commercially available petrochemical polyols. Foaming parameters, chemical structure, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability, physico-mechanical properties and morphology of obtained composites were evaluated as function of BSG/GTR ratio (in range: 20/0; 15/5; 10/10; 5/15; 0/20 parts by weight - pbw). Modification of PUR/BSG composite foams with GTR accelerated foaming reactions, which resulted in decrease of rise time and tack free time. Higher content of GTR in PUR/BSG/GTR composites significantly enhanced their physico-mechanical properties and thermal stability. Compressive strength of PUR modified with BSG/GTR in ratio 5/15 pbw was more than 50% higher than for PUR/BSG composite foam without GTR, which correspond to 37% increase of density. Additionally, it was observed that temperatures corresponded to a 2% and 5% weight loss were for 9 degrees C and 24 degrees C higher for composite with BSG/GTR hybrid filler than for pure polyurethane matrix. Presented results indicate better compatibility between polyurethane matrix and GTR than with BSG, confirmed also by ATR-FTIR, DMA, swelling behavior and SEM analysis. Conducted investigations showed that performance properties of polyurethane/brewers' spent grain composite foams could be successfully tailored using GTR, which consequently extend their potential industrial applications.