Study of CHMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSISO Bond of Organic-Inorganic Hybrids Based on Polyhydroxybutyrate and Oxides Obtained Via an In Situ Sol-Gel Route
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
Authors: Martinez Martinez Toledo, Anna Lecticia; da Rocha Rodrigues, Elton Jorge; Dutra Filho, Jose Carlos; de Souza Aguiar dos Santos, Domethila Mariano; Marques, Suelen Adriani; Bruno Tavares, Maria Ines
Abstract
Sol-gel-based zirconia (ZrO2) and silica (SiO2) were obtained in situ via hydrolysis-polycondensation of metal alkoxide precursors in membranes of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). What followed was an assessment of thermal and spectroscopic effects from the insertion of the inorganic network in the PHB matrix. The findings exhibited a dependence of both the concentration and the chemical nature of the precursor on the properties of the as-formed inorganic-organic hybrids. The results also indicated that positive nucleating effects, a reduction of the crystallite size and a variation in thermal transitions correlate with spectroscopic data from the alpha and beta crystal forms of the PHB matrix, as well as the crystallization data obtained through polarized light microscopy. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2020. (c) 2020 Society of Plastics Engineers
Beamforming of phased microphone array for rotating sound source localization
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
Authors: Ma, Wei; Bao, Huan; Zhang, Ce; Liu, Xun
Abstract
Phased microphone array beamforming has become a standard technique to localize sound sources. For localization of rotating sound sources at free-space conditions in the frequency domain, a number of algorithms have been investigated. Two most famous algorithms were proposed by Pannert and Maier (J. Sound Vib., 333, 2014) and Herold and Sarradj (Noise Control Eng. J., 63, 2015). The relationship between the cross-spectral matrixes used in these two algorithms is still unclear. This paper investigated their relationship by proposing a new approach to calculate the cross-spectral matrix. Their relationship can then be interpreted from different interpolations used to calculate the sound pressures at virtual rotating array microphones from pressures at real stationary microphones. The former uses Fourier interpolation, while the latter uses linear interpolation. Compared with the latter algorithm, the cross-spectral matrix in the former algorithm has lower computational efficiency, nearly equal sound source location precision, and better sound source strength precision at high frequencies due to its better spectrum reconstruction capability. Additionally, the steering vector based on numerically solving the transcendental equation is proposed as an alternative with higher computational efficiency to the steering vector in the former algorithm. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.