PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF HYBRID PIGS
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTION JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT & APPLIED SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Krasnova, O. A.; Kazantseva, N. P.; Kudrin, M. R.; Khardina, E., V; Vasilieva, M., I; Pushkaryov, M. G.; Sannikova, N. A.
Abstract
This research focuses on the reproductive qualities of cross-breeding sows of different breeding options, growth rate and development of hybrid piglets during periods of suckling and nursery, and on the assessment of fattening and meat qualities with different genotypes. The best reproductive performance was observed when crossing crossbred sows (LW x L) with Duroc boars: multiple fertility reached 14 baby piglets, the weight of a piglet 1.6 kg, livability up to weaning 93.8%, live weight before weaning 6.5 kg. Hybrid piglets from the first and second groups were characterized with the best growth rate during suckling and nursery periods; they were obtained from a combination of sows of Large White x Landrace of Canadian and Danish breeding with Duroc boars. Best results in fattening and slaughter qualities of hybrid young animals were obtained with a combination of sows (LW x Y) with Canadian Landrace boars, and also with a combination of sows (LW x Y) with Danish Landrace boars: early maturity 145-146 days, average daily gain 990.4 g, slaughter yield 80.9% and 79.6%, respectively. The length of the carcasses of young animals of the third group in this experiment was larger in comparison to their herd mates in the second and first groups, respectively. Piglets from the second group (LW x L c.) xD had the smallest fat depth, and fattening livestock from the third and fourth groups had the largest one; these animals also had a higher pre-slaughter weight. Fat depth in the second (LW x L c.) xD group was less, compared to the third and the fourth groups. According to research results, for increasing the production of pork and for improving its quality under industrial conditions, it is recommended to use Canadian and Danish Landrace boars at the final stage of crossbreeding in a three-breed combination i.e., Large White x Yorkshire x Landrace. Disciplinary: Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Swine Science, Pig Husbandry, Pig Farming and Production, Biotechnology. (c) 2020 INT TRANS J ENG MANAG SCI TECH.
Eight-Port Metamaterial Loaded UWB-MIMO Antenna System for 3D System-in-Package Applications
IEEE ACCESS
Authors: Shabbir, Tayyab; Saleem, Rashid; Al-Bawri, Samir Salem; Shafique, Muhammad Farhan; Islam, Mohammad Tariqul
Abstract
In this article, an eight-element ultra-wideband (UWB) Multiple-Input-Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system is proposed for 3D non-planar applications. The proposed UWB-MIMO antenna is installed around a polystyrene block in the 3D-octagonal arrangement. The eight radiating elements are placed on the sides of the octagonal polystyrene block with top and bottom surfaces left open. The single antenna element consists of a modified Y-shaped radiating patch, epsilon-negative (ENG) metamaterial, and a partial ground plane. A modified pie-shaped decoupling structure is deployed at the back-side of the radiating patch to improve the isolation among array elements. Each antenna element is printed on a low-cost FR-4 substrate with dimensions of 28 mm x 23 mm with coverage of the whole UWB spectrum from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz frequency band. The eight-port UWB-MIMO antenna system consists of symmetric and non-symmetric array configurations. Simulated and measured MIMO performance parameters i.e. Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) < 0.35, Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) < 0.0025 and Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC) < -11 dB are in acceptable limits for both symmetric and nonsymmetric configurations. The proposed MIMO antenna system is suitable for 3D system-in-package, indoor localization systems, and wireless personal area network applications in industries where multiple machines are connected to a central server wirelessly through such kinds of antennas in a rich scattering environment.