Mouse Anti-Canine parainfluenza virus monoclonal antibody, clone 21C7

A harmonically excited conical bluff body stabilized flame was studied to determine its behavior under strong burning and near blowoff conditions. Chemiluminescence imaging was employed using a high speed camera to characterize the phase resolved flame characteristics for a range of excitation frequencies from 50 to 400 Hz. Phase-resolved measurements of strain rate along the flame front were utilized to provide important insights for understanding of flame behavior particularly near blowoff. Phase resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) was utilized to map the different phases of the velocity field for the harmonically modulated flames. PIV data along the flame front identified from seed density change were utilized to determine the strain rate variations at different phases of the flame oscillation. Oscillations of recirculation zone length were also characterized at all harmonic excitation frequencies accompanied by a cyclically varying strain rate along the flame front. At certain phases of the cycle, the strain rate reaches a maximum just before the phase when the recirculation zone length is a minimum. At this point, flame pinching and vortex breakdown phenomena were observed. This vortex breakdown phenomenon accompanies flame blowoff when the ratio of the minimum recirculation zone length to the convective length scale is in the range between 0.35 and 0.5. Based on these results, a description of flame blowoff phenomenon under externally forced flow is proposed. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Three canine parainfluenza viruses type 5 (CPIV-5) were isolated from lung tissues of 3 Korean dogs with mild pneumonia between 2008 and 2009. The isolates were fully sequenced and compared with published reference sequences. The size of the genome was 15 246 nucleotides long and no remarkable differences were found when compared with previously published reference sequences. In phylogenetic analysis based on the F and P genes, parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV-5) strains were divided into at least 3 subgroups. Three CPIV-5 strains were clustered with CPIV-5 T1, H22 and 78524 strains. All PIV-5 strains were independent of the host species, geographical distribution, and the isolated period.