Sulfadiazine [KLH]

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a ubiquitous sulfonamides in aquatic environment which is difficult to be removed by traditional wastewater treatment technologies. Herein, heterogenous nanocomposites of CeO2 and graphite carbon nitride (CN) were prepared and applied to photodegrade SMX under visible light irradiation. With the optimized mass ratios, the photocatalyst 5CeO(2)/CN (CeO2, 5% mass ratio) showed robust ability in absorbing visible light and promoting separation efficiency of photoinduced electrons and holes. Consequently, the removal efficiency of SMX with 5CeO(2)/CN reached 99.2% after irradiation for an hour, 7.56% and 91.83% higher than that with pure CN and CeO2. (OH)-O-center dot, O-center dot(2)- and h(+) were proved to be the active species towards SMX photodegradation, and O-center dot(2)- was the dominant one. The intermediate products were identified and the possible pathways of SMX by photocatalysis were proposed in this study.

Burn injury is a common clinical concern that leads to morbidity and mortality, especially in the developing countries. Nowadays, it is a world-wide challenge for the patients due to the long-term hospital stay and undue side effects for microbial contamination of marketed burn dressing materials. So, scientists are trying hard to find out materials with fewer side effects, more cost-effective, and easily available to reduce the sufferings of burn patients. For this, researchers from all over the world are giving great focus on the biomaterials such as human amniotic membrane (AM) and various plant extracts. AM andCentella asiatica(CA), a medicinal plant, are individually used for burn and wound healing. AM heals quicker than any other wound healing components in the case of 1st- and 2nd-degree burn. Furthermore, CA contains various important alkaloids, phenolics, asiatic acid, madecassic acid, asiaticoside, and madecassoside. Among them, asiatic acid and madecassic acid exert anti-inflammatory, apoptotic effect, while asiaticoside and madecassoside stimulate collagen (I, II, III) synthesis, new blood vessel formation that ultimately helps to burn wound healing. Moreover, vimentin and alpha-SMA produced by CA also help in faster healing. Since burn patients suffer a lot of difficulties and complexities due to the slow rate of epithelization, a time-consuming process and several side effects of the available burn-healing agents, this review focuses on the synergistic and complementary effects of AM and CA for faster burn and wound healing. Lay Summary Burn injury is increasing day by day worldwide and this phenomenon is suspected to be persistent. Although treatment exists, it is expensive and takes a longer period to heal and sometimes shows adverse effects. Since AM and CA are available and widely used as burn and wound dressing material, a gel mixed with both of them may be used to boost up burn healing.