Anti-VIM monoclonal antibody, clone SW313 [FITC]

A uniform Haar wavelet collocation based method is proposed for finding the numerical results for a class of third order nonlinear (Emden-Fowler type) singular differential equations with initial and boundary conditions. At the point of singularity, the coefficient of the such equation blows up, that causes difficulties in capturing the numerical solutions near the point of singularity. Haar wavelet approach handles this peculiar situation efficiently. The proposed method is employed to reduce the IVPs/BVPs into the system of algebraic equations and the nonlinearity is taken care by Newton-Raphson method. It is demonstrated that, the method is appropriate for both initial as well as boundary conditions as these conditions are taken care automatically. Some numerical examples have been illustrated in order to demonstrate the ease of implementation and applicability of the method. The L-2 norm and absolute errors further help to manifest the improvement of the findings with the increase in resolution J. We compare our results with other methods which exists in literature, e.g., variation iteration method (VIM), cubic B-spline method, Differential transformation method (DTM), Iterative decomposition method (IDM) and modified Adomian decomposition method (MADM). The second order convergence and error analysis of the proposed method is established to depict the accuracy and stability of the proposed method. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

In this chapter, the key technologies and the instrumentation required for the subsurface exploration of ocean worlds are discussed. The focus is laid on Jupiter's moon Europa and Saturn's moon Enceladus because they have the highest potential for such missions in the near future. The exploration of their oceans requires landing on the surface, penetrating the thick ice shell with an ice-penetrating probe, and probably diving with an underwater vehicle through dozens of kilometers of water to the ocean floor, to have the chance to find life, if it exists. Technologically, such missions are extremely challenging. The required key technologies include power generation, communications, pressure resistance, radiation hardness, corrosion protection, navigation, miniaturization, autonomy, and sterilization and cleaning. Simpler mission concepts involve impactors and penetrators or - in the case of Enceladus - plume-fly-through missions.