Magic™ Anti-TPO monoclonal antibody, clone C2389N

The tuning of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is essential for any control application in order to ensure the best performance by step change or disturbance. This paper presents the tuning of PID controller for single-input single-output (SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) control systems using tree physiology optimization (TPO). TPO is a metaheuristic algorithm inspired from a plant growth system derived based on the idea of plant architecture and Thornley model (TM). The basic principle of TM simplifies the plant growth into shoots and roots part. The plant shoots grow towards sunlight with the help of nutrients supplied by the root system in order to undergo photosynthesis process, a process of converting light photon into carbon. The carbon gain from the shoots extension will be supplied to the root system in order for the root to grow and search for water plus nutrients. As a result, the nutrients are supplied upwards towards shoot system for further extension. This concept runs iteratively in order to ensure optimum plant growth. The iterative search of shoot towards better light supported by the root counterparts leads to an optimization idea of TPO algorithm. TPO also has a unique exploration strategy due to its multiple branches and shoots that can be defined by user. This concept may improve the search mechanism with a better trade-off between diversification and intensification search. A simulation of SISO control system and an industrial application of MIMO control are applied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and compared with other optimization methods such as particle swarm optimization, Ziegler-Nichols, Tyreus-Luyben and Chien-Hrones-Reswick methods. The results clearly exhibit the capability of TPO algorithm towards finding the optimum PID parameters for SISO and MIMO process with faster settling time and better performance with respect to other methods.

Problem Our study aims to investigate whether the anti-thyroperoxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) and TSH level in euthyroid women have any association with reproductive outcomes after the ART cycle. Methods of study A total of 1107 patients who were enrolled in the study were divided into four groups based on serum TSH level and TPO-Ab status: group A, 0.3 <= TSH < 2.5 mIU/L and TPO-Ab(-); group B, 0.3 <= TSH < 2.5 mIU/L and TPO-Ab(+); group C, 2.5 <= TSH < 4.2 mIU/L, and TPO-Ab(-); and group D, 2.5 <= TSH < 4.2 mIU/L, TPO-Ab(+). The differences in ART cycles and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed between study groups. Results The fertilization rate in group D (73%) was significantly lower than that in groups A (83%P < .001), B (84%P = .001), and C (82%P = .002). The biochemical pregnancy rates of groups B (7%) and D (12%) were significantly higher than those of group A (2%) (P = .028 andP = .017, respectively). TPO-Ab was related to a higher biochemical pregnancy rate (P = .002, OR = 5.311, 95% CI 1.859-15.169) and TSH over 2.5 mIU/L was related to higher ICSI rate (P = .001, OR = 1.759, 95% CI 1.250-2.476) by logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) also verified the results. Conclusion The impacts of TSH >= 2.5 mIU/L on the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) rate, TSH >= 2.5 mIU/L and TPO-Ab(+)on the fertilization rate, and TPO-Ab(+)on the biochemical pregnancy rate, rather than the effect on abortion, clinical pregnancy, and live birth, were emphasized.