Anti-Macrophage monoclonal antibody

Background: Melanoma is a common and malignant cutaneous tumor, which is responsible for a large proportion of skin cancer deaths. Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines have achieved positive results in the treatment of melanoma because of their ability to induce cytotoxic response to facilitate tumor elimination. Objective: To improve the efficacy of dendritic cell-based vaccines by the adjuvant activity of Helicobacter pylori neutrophil activating protein (HP-NAP), which is a virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori, has been proved as a TLR agonist with effective immunomodulatory activity. Methods: The recombinant HP-NAP (rHP-NAP) was expressed by using prokaryotic expression system. Dendritic cells (DCs) were cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4. After treating with rHP-NAP, the maturation of DCs and dendritic cell-based vaccine were assayed by using flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. The activation and proliferation of T cells were measured by FCM, ELISA and MTT methods. The tumor specific cytotoxic response to resistant B16F10 was detected by using lactate dehydrogenase-release assay and qRT-PCR. Results: The recombinant HP-NAP (rHP-NAP), prepared from E. coli prokaryotic expression system, was able to significantly promote the maturation of dendritic cell-based vaccine loaded with tumor cell lysate (TCL) of B16F10 (DC-B16F10-TCL). Furthermore, it effectively induced the activation and proliferation of T cells and tumor specific cytotoxic response to resistant B16F10 melanoma tumor cells. Conclusion: These results suggested that rHP-NAP possesses the potential for use as an adjuvant of dendritic cell-based vaccine in anti-melanoma treatment.

Tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (Tris DBA), a small-molecule palladium complex, can inhibit cell growth and proliferation in pancreatic cancer, lymphocytic leukaemia and multiple myeloma. Given that this compound is particularly active against B-cell malignancies, we have been suggested that it can alleviate immune complexes (ICs)-mediated conditions, especially IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The therapeutic effects of Tris DBA on glomerular cell proliferation and renal inflammation and mechanism of action were examined in a mouse model of IgAN. Treatment of IgAN mice with Tris DBA resulted in markedly improved renal function, albuminuria and renal pathology, including glomerular cell proliferation, neutrophil infiltration, sclerosis and periglomerular inflammation in the renal interstitium, together with (Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011, 6, 1301-1307) reduced mitochondrial ROS generation; (Am J Physiol-Renal Physiol. 2011. 301, F1218-F1230) differentially regulated autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome; (Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012, 7, 427-436) inhibited phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and p38 MAPK signalling pathways, and priming signal of the NLRP3 inflammasome; and (Free Radic Biol Med. 2013, 61, 285-297) blunted NLRP3 inflammasome activation through SIRT1- and SIRT3-mediated autophagy induction, in renal tissues or cultured macrophages. In conclusion, Tris DBA effectively ameliorated the mouse IgAN model and targeted signalling pathways downstream of ICs-mediated interaction, which is a novel immunomodulatory strategy. Further development of Tris DBA as a therapeutic candidate for IgAN is warranted.