Anti-IDE (aa 920-1019) polyclonal antibody

Hetemstmcture of palladium oxide (PdO)-polyaniline (PANI)/indium tin oxide (ITO) have been used to enhance the sensitivity of chemiresistive sensors towards hydrogen (H-2) gas at room temperature. The fabricated sensor assembly is facile and economical as it uses direct metallic electrical contact with the sensing element, which eliminates the need of expensive interdigitated electrodes (IDE). Pristine PANI, 5 wt%, and 10 wt% PdO-PANI nanocomposites are synthesized using one pot in-situ wet chemical polymerization method. Pristine PANI, 5 wt%, and 10 wt% PdO-PANI composites thin film are uniformly interfaced over sputtered indium tin oxide (ITO) layer coated glass substrate using spin coating process. Solid state sensing element consisting of PANI/ITO, 5 wt %, and 10 wt% PdO-PANI/ITO heterojunction has been used for detection of (1, 3, 10, and 20) % H-2 concentration at room temperature. Two folds increase in the sensitivity of PdO-PANI nanocomposite towards 1% H-2 gas concentration has been observed in comparison to pristine PANI based sensing element and further the sensitivity also increases as the percentage concentration of PdO within nanocomposite increases from 5 wt% to 10 wt% respectively. It has been observed that the proposed heterostructure based sensing assembly is highly sensitive towards H-2 gas compared to similar previously reported sensors. With the onset of the hydrogen economy, this research work will pave the way in large scale production of sensitive and responsive handheld H-2 gas sensors that can be used in common households along with industries.

Oxidative stress occurs when physiological antioxidant systems do not manage to counteract the excessive intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which accumulate leading to irreversible oxidation of DNA and other biomacromolecules, and thus to the onset of pathological conditions. Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by autosomal recessive mutations in the sacsin gene (SACS). It has been demonstrated that cells of ARSACS patients show bioenergetic and mitochondrial impairment, denoted by reduced respiratory chain activities and ATP synthesis. In order to design a suitable therapy for ARSACS, it is essential to consider that treatments need to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a specialized structure that separates the subtle environment of the brain from blood circulation. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), constituted by a solid lipid shell and a liquid lipid phase in the core, have been fabricated for loading hydrophobic molecules, improving their bioavailability. Idebenone (IDE), a synthetic analogue of coenzyme Q(10), is able to inhibit lipid peroxidation and detoxify several free radicals. However, because of its poor solubility, it requires ad hoc drug-delivery systems for enhancing its pharmacokinetic properties, preventing undesired cytotoxicity. In this work, NLCs loaded with idebenone (IDE-NLCs) have been prepared. The nanovectors have been physicochemically characterized, and their biological activity has been evaluated on different central nervous system cell lines. IDE-NLCs demonstrated to be stable in water and in cell culture media, and showed a sustained drug release profile. Interestingly, preliminary data demonstrated their ability to permeate an in vitro BBB model. Their protective antioxidant activity in human healthy primary skin fibroblasts and their therapeutic efficacy in ARSACS-derived primary skin fibroblasts have been also investigated, showing their potential for future development as therapeutic agents.