Anti-C3 (native) polyclonal antibody [Biotin]

A flame-retardant and superhydrophobic coating was deposited on cotton fabrics using a simple two-step spraying method. In detailed, the first step involved flame-retardant layer consisted of alkylammonium functional silsesquioxane (A-POSS)/phytic acid (PA) complex, while the second step generated superhydrophobic layer that was composed of hierarchical structured titanium oxide@polydimethylsiloxane (TiO2@PDMS) composite. The influence of the components' loading in the coating on flame-retardant, thermal and wetting properties of the coated cotton fabrics was investigated systematically. The optimized coated cotton sample denoted as C3-PDMS-TiO2 was screened through limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 flammability test, cone calorimetry measurement and water contact angle (WCA). Specifically, C3-PDMS-TiO2 sample showed self-extinguishing behavior in the vertical burning test, as well as a significantly enhanced LOI to 29% from 18% for pristine cotton fabrics. Furthermore, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and the total heat release (THR) values of C3-PDMS-TiO2 were significantly declined by 70% and 41%, respectively, compared to those of pristine cotton fabrics. Additionally, C3-PDMS-TiO2 exhibited super self-cleaning ability as a consequence of its superhydrophobic surface. Furthermore, C3-PDMS-TiO2 was applied for water-oil separation, and exhibited robust ability even in strong acid- or alkali-oil mixtures. The C3-PDMS-TiO2 fabrics also displayed super abrasion resistance (WCA > 139 degrees after 50 abrasion cycles) and washing durability (self-extinguishing after 5 laundering cycles). This facile finishing technique has great potentials in application as multifunctional advanced textiles.

The aquatic ecosystem is seriously damaged because of the heavy use of pesticides and antibiotics. Fish is the indispensable link between environmental pollution and human health. However, the toxic effects of environment-related concentrations of pesticides and antibiotics in fish have not been thoroughly studied. In this study, grass carps exposed to cypermethrin (CMN, 0.651 mu g/L) or/and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ, 0.3 mu g/L) for 42 days caused oxidative stress, apoptosis and immunodeficiency in the spleen of grass carps. CMN or/and SMZ exposure led to oxidative damage (consumption of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase)) and lipid peroxidation (accumulation of malondialdehyde), induced apoptosis (increases in TUNEL index, Bax/bcl-2, p53, puma and Caspase family expression). In addition, the levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM), complement 3 (C3) were significantly decreased in all treatment groups, which trend was also found in C-reactive protein in CMN and MIX group, and lysozyme in MIX group. Transcription of almost all genes involved in the Toll-like receptors (TLR) signaling pathway was up-regulated under CMN or/and SMZ exposure. However, when subsequently attacked by Aeromonas hydrophila for 2 days, the TLR pathway was inhibited in spleens of all treatment groups accompanied by higher mortality. Overall, the environmentally relevant concentration of CMN and SMZ damages the immune system, triggering oxidative stress and apoptosis in carps. And by affecting the conduction of TLR signaling pathway, CMN or/and SMZ exposure inhibits the innate immune response of fish and reducing their disease resistance. This study highlights the importance of rational and regulated use of these pesticides and antibiotics. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.