Does abnormal ductus venosus pulsatility index at the first-trimester effect on adverse pregnancy outcomes?
JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY OBSTETRICS AND HUMAN REPRODUCTION
Authors: Baran, Safak Yilmaz; Kalayci, Hakan; Durdag, Gulsen Dogan; Yetkinel, Selcuk; Arslan, Alev; Kilicdag, Esra Bulgan
Abstract
Aim: The ductus venosus pulsatility index for veins (DV PIV) has become a popular marker of the first-trimester scan. The aim of this study is to search for any difference between groups with normal and abnormal DV PIV values in terms of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 556 women whose first-trimester scan was performed. The ductus venosus pulsatility indices were examined at singleton pregnancies between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation. Patients were categorized as Group-I with normal DV PIV (DV PIV >= 0.73, <= 1.22) and as Group-II with abnormal DV PIV. Group-II was subgrouped as Group-IIA which composed of patients with DV PIV < 0.73 and as Group-IIB with DV PIV > 1.22. Results: There were 451 subjects in Group-I and 105 subjects in Group-II (Group-IIA = 32 and Group-IIB 73). The comparisons between major groups revealed a statistically significant increase about miscarriage (p = 0.002), stillbirth (p < 0.001), small for gestational age (p = 0.033), low birth weight (p < 0.001), fetal growth restriction (p = 0.048), and major congenital heart defect (p=<0.001) in Group-II. This difference is mainly due to Group-IIB. There is no difference in preterm delivery, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes between Group I and II. Conclusion: Routinely monitoring DIV PIV as a first-trimester screening should provide valuable information regarding adverse pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage, stillbirth, small for gestational age, low birth weight, fetal growth restriction and major congenital heart defect. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Experimental investigations of the asymmetric vortex formation over a slender body of revolution at high angles of attack
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B
Authors: Zhu, Yiding
Abstract
This paper describes an experimental investigation of the initial growth of flow asymmetries over a slender body of revolution at high angles of attack with natural and disturbed noses. Time-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to investigate the flow field around the body. Flow visualization clearly shows the formation of the asymmetric vortices. Instantaneous PIV shows that the amplified asymmetric disturbances lead to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability appearing first on one side, which increases the momentum exchange crossing the layer. As a result, the separation region shrinks which creates the initial vortex asymmetry.