Human HLA-G (a.a. 25-338) Protein [His]

Product Overview

HLA-G Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived HLA-G protein, expressed by HEK293 , with N-His labeled tag.

Nature

Recombinant

Tag/Conjugate

His

Molecular Weight

Approximately 39.6 kDa

Endotoxin

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

Alternative Names

HLA-G; major histocompatibility complex, class I, G; MHC-G; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G; B2 microglobulin

Purity

>90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE

Format

Lyophilized

Buffer

Lyophilized after extensive dialysis against solution in 10 mM Tris-HCl, 1 mM EDTA, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.

Preservative

None

Storage

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Reconstitution

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH2O.

Introduction

HLA-G, a non-classical major histocompatibility class Ib molecule, plays a crucial role in immune regulation at the maternal-fetal interface. In association with B2M/beta-2 microglobulin, it forms a complex that selectively binds a limited repertoire of nonamer self-peptides derived from intracellular proteins, including histones and ribosomal proteins. This peptide-bound HLA-G-B2M complex acts as a ligand for inhibitory/activating KIR2DL4, LILRB1, and LILRB2 receptors on uterine immune cells, fostering fetal development while maintaining maternal-fetal tolerance. Interactions with KIR2DL4 and LILRB1 receptors trigger NK cell senescence-associated secretory phenotype, promoting vascular remodeling and fetal growth during early pregnancy. Moreover, HLA-G's engagement with LILRB2 induces the differentiation of type 1 regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, actively contributing to the maintenance of maternal-fetal tolerance. Additionally, HLA-G may play a role in balancing tolerance and antiviral immunity by modulating the effector functions of NK cells, CD8+ T cells, and B cells. Furthermore, it negatively regulates NK cell- and CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, highlighting its multifaceted role in immune regulation at the maternal-fetal interface.

Keywords

HLA-G; major histocompatibility complex, class I, G; MHC-G; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G; B2 microglobulin