Electrochemical hydrogen storage behaviors of as-milled Mg-Ce-Ni-Al-based alloys applied to Ni-MH battery
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
Authors: Zhang, Yanghuan; Ji, Yanquan; Zhang, Wei; Hu, Feng; Qi, Yan; Zhao, Dongliang
Abstract
For improving electrochemical performances of Mg-Ni-based alloys at ambient temperature, a portion of Mg was succeeded by Ce and the surface modification treatment was conducted by mechanical coating Ni. The nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg1-xCexNi0.9Al0.1 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08) + 50 wt%Ni metals were prepared. Impacts of Ce content and milling duration on the structure and electrochemical hydrogen storage properties have been researched. The results exposed that, the as-milled alloys can absorbing/desorbing hydrogen electrochemically very well at ambient temperature. Activation is not necessary as the first cycle can reach the maximal discharge capacity. Through 5 and 20 h milling, the maximum discharge capacities of alloys are 378.8 and 545.3 mAh/g, respectively. Cycling stability improves with Ce content and milling time growing. Specifically speaking, the retention rate of capacity at 100th cycle (S-100 = C-100/C-max) ascends from 36% to 66% for 5 h milled alloy and from 48% to 76% for 20 h milled alloy with Ce content growing from 0 to 0.08. Furthermore, many indexes such as electrochemical impedance spectrum, potentiodynamic polarization curves, high rate discharge ability, potential-step measurements, etc. proved that varying Ce content makes the alloys get their best electrochemical kinetic property.
SEASONAL STUDIES ON MORPHOLOGY AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALISATION OF S-100 AND ALPHA SMOOTH MUSCLE ACTIN PROTEINS IN POLL GLANDS OF DROMEDARY CAMEL
JOURNAL OF CAMEL PRACTICE AND RESEARCH
Authors: Ibrahim, Z. H.; Al-Kheraije, K. A.; El-Tigani-Asil, E. A.
Abstract
The two poll glands rest subcutaneoUsly behind the ear of the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius). Although they secrete a watery yellowish secretion with offensive odour during breeding seasons, their function is still largely unspecified. This study on camel poll glands morphology and immunoreactivity of S-100 and alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) proteins during breeding and non-breeding seasons might shed some light on their function. During breeding season the gland was larger in size and darker in colour and its secretion increased compared to nonbreeding season. No significant change was observed in the alveolar luminal diameter during seasonal reproductive cycle (P>0.05). However, alveolar diameter and epithelial height was significantly (P<0.05) increased during breeding season together with significantly increased inter-alveolar tissue thickness during non-breeding season. While S-100 reacted positively in the alveolar epithelium and inter-alveolar tissue, alpha-SMA reaction was negative in the alveolar epithelium and positive in the alveolar myoepithelial cells, smooth muscles and blood vessels. S-100 and alpha-SMA positive immunoreactivity increased during breeding season compared to non-breeding season. These results suggest that the poll gland secretory activity is correlated with male camel seasonal sexual activity. Moreover, 5-100 and alpha-SMA are suggested to regulate cellular and muscular functions in the poll glands.