Phosphorylcholine [OVAL]

Abnormalities within frontal lobe gray and white matter of bipolar disorder (BD) patients have been consistently reported in adult and pediatric studies, yet little is known about the neurochemistry of the anterior white matter (AWM) in pediatric BD and how medication status may affect it. The present cross-sectional 3T H-1 MRS study is the first to use a multivoxel approach to study the AWM of BD youth. Absolute metabolite levels from four bilateral AWM voxels were collected from 49 subjects between the ages of 8 and 18 (25 healthy controls (HC); 24 BD) and quantified. Our study found BD subjects to have lower levels of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and glycerophosphocholine plus phosphocholine (GPC + PC), metabolites that are markers of neuronal viability and phospholipid metabolism and have also been implicated in adult BD. Further analysis indicated that the observed patterns were mostly driven by BD subjects who were medicated at the time of scanning and had an ADHD diagnosis. Although limited by possible confounding effects of mood state, medication, and other mood comorbidities, these findings serve as evidence of altered neurochemistry in BD youth that is sensitive to medication status and ADHD comorbidity.

In solid-state lithium (Li)-metal batteries (SSLMBs), sulfide-based Li-ion conductors represent one of the most popular solid electrolytes (SEs). However, the development of sulfide-based SSLMBs is significantly hampered by interfacial issues including large solid-solid contact resistance and serious side reactions at the SE/electrode interface. To address these issues, here, we demonstrated a simple and efficient strategy by using LiCl-rich argyrodite Li6PS5Cl (Li6PS5Cl-LiCl) SE and trace amount of propylene carbonate (PC) at the SE/electrode interface to facilitate the formation of stable and robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). The formed SEI not only serves as a buffer layer to passivate the interfacial reactions and suppress Li dendrite growth, but also acts as a bridge for Li-ion conduction to reduce the contact resistance. As a result, the Li parallel to Li symmetric cell exhibited long-term electrochemical cycling stability over 1000 h at a current density of 0.2 mA cm(-2). Furthermore, the assembled Li parallel to Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) batteries delivered a specific capacity of 175 mAh g(-1) at 0.2 C, and remained an excellent specific capacity of 116 mAh g(-1) after 200 cycles at a high current rate of 1 C. These features indicate a feasible strategy to enhance the interfacial property of high-performance SSLMBs. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.