Characterization of morphology and physicochemical properties of native starches isolated from 12 Lycoris species
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Authors: Li, Kehu; Li, Qingzhu; Jin, Can; Narayanamoorthy, Shwetha; Zhang, Tongze; Sui, Zhongquan; Li, Zijun; Cai, Youming; Wu, Kao; Zhang, Yongchun; Corke, Harold
Abstract
In this study, starch was isolated from 13 genotypes of 12 Lycoris species, and the morphology, granule size distribution and physicochemical properties, including apparent amylose content (AAC), Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) pasting properties, textural properties, thermal and retrogradation properties were characterized. The majority of starch granules of the 13 Lycoris genotypes were oval in shape, and granule size followed a normal distribution with a mean diameter of 20-30 pm. Contrary to previously published findings, the XRD results revealed that lycoris starches had either C-type or C A -type crystallinity. All lycoris starches showed high AAC varying from 25.6% to 32.7%, and low gelatinization temperature (GT) ranging from 58.8 to 69.7 degrees C. Interrelationships among 18 starch quality traits were analyzed based on correlation analysis. The present study provides information on lycoris starch characteristics which should serve as a useful guide for later studies on lycoris starch utilization in food and non-food industries.
Rational points on complete symmetric hypersurfaces over finite fields
DISCRETE MATHEMATICS
Authors: Zhang, Jun; Wan, Daqing
Abstract
For any affine hypersurface defined by a complete symmetric polynomial in k >= 3 variables of degree m over the finite field F-q of q elements, a special case of our theorem says that this hypersurface has at least 6q(k-3) rational points over Fq if 1 <= m <= q - 3 and q is odd. A key ingredient in our proof is Segre's classical theorem on ovals in finite projective planes. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.