IL4-Receptor-Targeted Dual Antitumoral Apoptotic Peptide-siRNA Conjugate Lipoplexes
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Authors: Luo, Jie; Hoehn, Miriam; Reinhard, Soeren; Loy, Dominik M.; Klein, Philipp Michael; Wagner, Ernst
Abstract
Targeted delivery remains the major limitation in the development of small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics. The successful siRNA multistep delivery requires precise carriers of substantial complexity. To achieve this, a monodisperse carrier is presented, synthesized by solid-phase supported chemistry. The sequence-defined assembly contains two oleic acids attached to a cationizable oligoaminoamide backbone in T-shape configuration, and a terminal azide functionality for coupling to the atherosclerotic plaque-specific peptide-1 (AP-1) as the cell targeting ligand for interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) which is overexpressed in a variety of solid cancers. For combined cytosolic delivery with siRNA, different apoptotic peptides (KLK, BAK, and BAD) are covalently conjugated via bioreversible disulfide linkage to the 5 '-end of the siRNA sense strand. siRNA-KLK conjugates provide the highest antitumoral potency. The optimized targeted carrier is complexed with dual antitumoral siEG5-KLK conjugates. The functionality of each subdomain is individually confirmed. The lipo-oligomer confers stable assembly of siRNA conjugates into spherical 150-250 nm sized nanoparticles. Click-shielding with dibenzocyclootyne-PEG-AP-1 (DBCO-PEG-AP-1) mediates an IL-4R-specific cell targeting and gene silencing in tumor cells. Most importantly, formulation of the siEG5-KLK conjugate displays enhanced apoptotic tumor cell killing due to the combined effect of mitotic arrest by EG5 gene silencing and mitochondrial membrane disruption by KLK.
Serum cytokine profile during subcutaneous implantation of the decellularized esophagus matrix in rats
JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS
Authors: Melkonyan, Karina; Nakokhov, Ramazan; Rusinova, Tatyana; Yutskevich, Yana; Bykov, Ilya; Redko, Andrey; Alekseenko, Sergey
Abstract
Aim to study non-specific immune response characteristics (serum cytokine profile) in rats after subcutaneous implantation of the decellularized esophagus matrix. Methods Data were obtained in Wistar rats. The rats underwent subcutaneous implantation of decellularized esophagus (DE) and native allogeneic esophagus (NE). Explantation of sampling were carried out on the 7th, 14th and 21st day of the experiment. Explanted NEs and DEs were processed for histologic examination. The content of IL1 alpha, IL2, IL4, IL17A, TNF alpha, IFN gamma and GM-CSF in serum samples were tested by ELISA. Results In rat serum with DEs on the 7th day of the experiment it was significant increase in IL1 alpha level in comparison with control group, IL2, TNF alpha, IL4 levels did not differ from the control group levels that indicates the stabilization of inflammation. The content of IL17A, IFN gamma and GM-CSF significantly decreased compared to control. On the 14th day, IL17A concentration analysis showed a sharp decrease in comparison with the the 7th experimental day. We found decrease in IL1 alpha level vs control group and decrease in IFN gamma level vs 7th day. On the 21st experimental day was shown a significant decrease in the IL17A, IFN gamma and IL1 alpha content in DE rats. Conclusions It was found dynamic change in studied rat cytokine concentrations that correspond to favourable clinical picture in DE group in comparison with an active inflammatory reaction in NE group. IL1 alpha, IL4, IL17A and IFN gamma concentrations reflect positive dynamics of the wound healing process and the absence of local inflammation and rejection of decellularized matrices.