Human Serum Cotinine ELISA Kit

Background: Women constitute a significant labor pool in the Indian tobacco industry as bidi (hand-rolled cigarette) rollers. On an average, they roll around 600 bidis/day and are exposed to 120 g of tobacco and 3 g of nicotine. Bidis do not have chemical preservatives or stabilizing agents, and therefore, the rollers are exposed only to nicotine by handling and inhalation. The study objective was to assess pregnancy outcome in these women with occupational tobacco exposure. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study of bidi-rollers (n = 177) and women with no tobacco exposure (n = 354), followed up for pregnancy outcome, neonatal anthropometry, and nicotine absorption by cotinine assays. Adjusted risk and adjusted mean differences with a 95% confidence interval were derived. Results: Outcomes included increased adjusted risk for gestational hypertension (3.54 [1.21, 10.31]; P = 0.021) and fetal growth restriction (2.71 [1.39, 5.29]; P = 0.004). Risk for prematurity was not statistically significant (1.81 [0.74, 4.45]; P = 0.194). Lower adjusted mean difference of birth weight (-104 g [-177, -31]; P = 0.005), length (-0.4 cm [-0.8, -0.1]; P = 0.006), and head circumference (-0.4 cm [-0.6, -0.1]; P = 0.002) were seen with increased risk for small for gestational age (1.75 [1.12, 2.73]; P = 0.015). Nicotine absorption was evident in one-third of maternal and cord blood estimations. Conclusion: Occupational passive tobacco exposure results in adverse pregnancy outcome.

Chronic rhinosinusitis is known to be influenced by cigarette exposure; however, this relationship is based on the presence of nasal polyps, and objective measurements of cigarette exposure in chronic rhinosinusitis are not well established. This study aimed to estimate the association between chronic rhinosinusitis and smoking status based on self-reported questionnaires and urinary cotinine levels according to the presence of nasal polyps. We analyzed a total of 23,621 participants who participated from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012). Serum total and specific IgE level were measured. Higher prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps was associated with current smoking status (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.00-2.03). This association was prevalent in participants aged <= 50 years (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.01-3.05), and higher urinary cotinine level showed correlation with higher prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in this age group (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.00-1.08). In addition, positive correlation between serum total IgE and urinary cotinine levels was greater in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (beta = 0.493, 95% CI = 0.071-0.916) than in controls (beta = 0.062, 95% CI = 0.021-0.103). Aggressive smoking interventions should be performed in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp, especially in cases of young adults or high serum IgE levels.