Anti-VCL monoclonal antibody, clone WJO-65

The objective of the research was to test the effect of iron and aluminium coagulants commonly used for lake re-cultivation, on the pike sperm motility and fertilisation. The coagulants caused changes in the analyzed hydrochemical parameters of the water such as: Fe, Mg2+, TSS, SO42- and Cl-. Selected parameters of sperm motility: MOT, VCL, VSL, VAP, LIN were estimated using CASA. The sperm motility at the moment of activation was the highest in the control sample. With increasing the time of exposure the proportion of sperm motility in the analyzed semen decreased. In the samples with coagulants the values of MOT, VCL and VSL were smaller than in the control sample (statistically significant differences between the control and the samples with PIX and PAX were recorded in the 25th-30th second after activation). The percentage of fertilised eggs was the greatest in the control sample and in the PAX (R) 18 sample (73.11 and 70.42%, respectively), whereas in the PIX (R) 113 it was less than that (54.88%). The shortest larvae were those in the sample with coagulant PIX (R) 113. In the samples with PIX (R) 113 and PAX (R) 18 the survivorship of embryos compared to the control sample was the smallest (43.10 and 51.61%, respectively and control 67.60%) and the proportion of malformed larvae was the highest (34.82 and 24.52%, respectively and control 15.17%).

This study aims to investigate the effect of different cooling rates on the semen cryopreservation of curimba (Prochilodus lineatus). Nineteen ejaculates were obtained from adults males and cryopreserved at 15 degrees C/min (CR15), 30 degrees C/min (CR30) (controlled temperature inside and outside straw, speed was stable during freezing) and direct freezing in liquid nitrogen vapour (similar to 35.6 degrees C/min) (CRNV). The straws were thawed and seminal parameters evaluated. DNA fragmentation through the comet assay was assessed. A fresh sperm sample was not frozen and used for analyses. Data were submitted to an analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were compared by Scott-Knott test (p < 0.05) using the R Software. Mean motility percentage was 100%, and motility duration was 39.5 +/- 5.7 s for the fresh sperm (subjective analysis); 58.9 +/- 8.0% and 24.5 +/- 5.7 s for CR15; 64.8 +/- 4.8% and 26.5 +/- 7.1 s for CR30; and 50.1 +/- 16% and 25.7 +/- 4.7 s for CRNV, respectively. Motility percentages were higher and equal between CR15 and CR30 compared to CRNV (p < 0.05). Some sperm motion kinetics, namely average path velocity (VAP) and straight line velocity (VAS), were higher for CR30 (p < 0.05), while curvilinear velocity (VCL) and velocity progression (PRO) were lower for CRNV (p < 0.05). Straightness (STR) and wobble (WOB) were the same among treatments (p > 0.05). Sperm morphology results indicated higher means for total morphological sperm alterations in CRNV. All cooling rates caused sperm DNA fragmentation, although CR30 provided a less harmful effect. This is the first report for cryopreserved P. lineatus sperm preserved under different controlled cooling rates. The cooling rate of 30 degrees C/min is indicated for the cryopreservation of this fish sperm as it led to the lowest detrimental spermatozoa effects.