Interdisciplinary Therapy in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome - Review of the Literature
ADVANCES IN CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Authors: Mikolajewska, Emilia
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS, also called Brachmann-de Lange syndrome - BdLS) is a multisystem developmental disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, growth and mental retardation, microcephaly, and various malformations. According to their clinical status, patients with CdLS require individual interdisciplinary therapy. The therapy is difficult and mainly symptomatic. To optimize the therapy results, early diagnosis programs and appropriate developmental and therapeutic intervention are recommended. The interdisciplinary approach described in the article needs further clinical research and detailed guidelines
A De novo HDAC2 variant in a patient with features consistent with Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
Authors: Wagner, Victoria F.; Hillman, Paul R.; Britt, Allison D.; Ray, Joseph W.; Farach, Laura S.
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in NIPBL, RAD21, SMC3, HDAC8, or SMC1A; all of which code for proteins that are components of, or interact with, the cohesin complex. Despite the identification of multiple genes associated with CdLS, over 25% of individuals strongly suspected to have CdLS have negative genetic testing, indicating that there are additional genes associated with the condition. HDAC2 codes for histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and, like HDAC8, is a Class 1 histone deacetylase. We present a patient with a novel de novo variant in HDAC2 with many clinical features consistent with CdLS including severe developmental delay, limb abnormalities, congenital heart defect, cryptorchidism and hypoplastic genitalia, growth retardation, and characteristic craniofacial features. Although variants in HDAC2 are not currently associated with human disease, the variant identified in this patient is within a highly conserved amino acid residue and has not been observed in healthy populations. This information, along with the patient's clinical presentation and the functional similarity between the HDAC2 and HDAC8 proteins, suggests that HDAC2 should be further investigated as a candidate gene for CdLS or a CdLS-like syndrome.