Nanocellulose-based Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy sensor for highly sensitive detection of TNT
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Authors: Wu, Jingjing; Feng, Ying; Zhang, Lei; Wu, Weibing
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has undergone an important development in the detection and identification of extremely low traces of explosives over the past few years. Here we fabricated a new type of three-dimensional (3D) SERS sensors by loading AuNR@AgNCs on bacterial cellulose aerogels for the detection of 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The aerogel substrates with hierarchical pore structure are favored by the construction of dense 3D hot-spot distribution and the enrichment of TNT molecules. The retention aid of polyethyleneimine was used to improve the loading capacity as well as prevent the aggregation of nanoparticles. Moreover, AuNR@AgNCs were modified with p-aminobenzenethiol to improve the affinity of SERS substrates to TNT via the formation of Meisenheimer complex. Owing to the unique structure and morphology of AuNR@AgNCs, the composite SERS substrate can detect trace TNT with a limit of detection of 8 x 10(-12) g/L and the SERS enhancement factor is high up to 1.87 x 10(8).
Using different hard structures to estimate the age of deep-sea fishes: A case study of the Pacific flatnose, Antimora microlepis (Moridae, Gadiformes, Teleostei)
FISHERIES RESEARCH
Authors: Korostelev, N. B.; Frey, P. H.; Orlov, A. M.
Abstract
Age was estimated for the Pacific flatnose Antimora microlepis using the operculum, vertebrae, otoliths, scales and pectoral finrays. Otoliths and vertebrae were the only structures that produced recognizable marks considered to be annuli. Annuli counts from these two structures were similar producing ages ranging from 5 to 35 years. These two hard structures may be useful to estimate the age of other deep-sea fishes.