Anti-Pancreatic Polypeptide (aa 61-73) polyclonal antibody

A novel caffeine sensor was constructed. The sensor is based on a platinum electrode (PtE) modified with polypyrrole (PPY) and green synthesized Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles. The work further describes the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), as well as Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) using the extract ofcitrus sinensis(sweet orange) peels. The nanoparticles were used to form nanocomposite material supported on polypyrrole (PPY) and, consequently used to modify PtE using drop-cast method. Synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, XRD and TEM. Electrochemical characterization of the modified electrodes was conducted using the ferrocyanide/ferricyanide redox probe prepared in PBS. PPY/Ag-AuBMNP modified PtE exhibited faster electron transport properties as well as enhanced catalytic current response as compared to bare-PtE, PtE/AgNPs, PtE/AuNPs, PtE/Ag-AuBMNPs and PtE/PPY. By Square-wave voltammetry (SWV) the PPY/Ag-AuBMNPs modified PtE yielded a detection limit of 2.02 mu M with a sensitivity of 0.75 mu A/mu M, in the caffeine concentration range of 0 mu M to 59 mu M. The proposed sensor further demonstrated good selectivity and was successfully applied for the detection of caffeine in commercial samples.

Electrical stimulation (ES) with conductive polymers can dramatically enhance neurite outgrowth and promote neural regeneration. However, besides ES, the practical applications of neural repair is also highly dependent on the nerve cell functionality and response to substrate conductivity. Therefore, the combination of the ES and suitable materials, such as tissue scaffolds, has been applied to facilitate treatment of neural injuries and demonstrated great potential in peripheral nerve regeneration. In this study, polypyrrole/silk fibroin (PPy/SF) conductive composite scaffold was fabricated by 3D bioprinting and electrospinning. Schwann cells seeded on these scaffolds were electrically stimulated and hence demonstrated enhanced viability, proliferation and migration, as well as upregulated expression of neurotrophic factors. Furthermore, the constructed PPy/SF conductive nerve guidance conduits accompanying with ES could effectively promote axonal regeneration and remyelination in vivo. Moreover, we found that the MAPKs signal transduction pathway was activated by ES at the conductive conduit. Our findings demonstrate that the PPy/SF conductive composite scaffolds with longitudinal guidance exhibit favorable properties for clinical use and promotes nerve regeneration and functional recovery.