Optimization Placement Static Var Compensator (SVC) Using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Method On PT PLN (Persero) Jawa-Bali, Indonesia
2018 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER APPLICATIONS & INFORMATION SECURITY (ICCAIS' 2018)
Authors: Alimuddin; Nurhalim, Gupron; Arafiyah, Ria
Abstract
Reactive power injection using Static Var Compensator (SVC) is one of the efforts that can be used to overcome the problem of transmission power loss and voltage drop caused by the increase of electrical load. Artificial bee colony (ABC) is an optimization method used to determine the position and capacity of SVC. The research purpose for knowing the location and optimal capacity of SVC in IEEE-30 Bus System using Newton-Raphson method and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). The data to be used is primary data consisting of data bus, data channel, and data generator on Java-Bali transmission system 500 kV and data processing using software Matlab. Result and discussion First, SVC installation proved able to overcome the voltage problems so that the voltage level of all buses can meet the allowable voltage limits. Secondly, SVC installation is capable of reducing power line losses. Third, there is a decrease in active and reactive power loss by using ABC method at 100% loading and 80% loading. Fourth, There is a decrease in active and reactive power loss as well as the largest loss of power losses is when the maximum loading
Prevalence and socioeconomic determinants of leisure time physical activity among Polish farmers
ANNALS OF AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
Authors: Biernat, Elzbieta; Piatkowska, Monika; Mynarski, Wladyslaw
Abstract
Introduction and objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the leisure time physical activity of Polish farmers in the context of meeting health-related recommendations, and to diagnose the social and economic determinants. The analysis concerned leisure and transportation activities of various intensity and sedentary time. Materials and method. Farmers (n=153) aged over 18 were selected from a representative sample of Polish society (n=2039). In order to evaluate LTPA, the long version of the IPAQ was used. Statistically significant differences between the variables were tested using non-parametric tests. The relationship between the amount of exercise recommended by the WHO and studied socio-demographic criteria was assessed using log-linear analysis. Results. The WHO health recommendations were met by 33.3% of farmers. Shares in LTPA (19.1%) and transportation (19.2%) significantly increased the chance of achieving these norms (OR=12.54 and 0.07, respectively). Along with age (>= 40 years) and income (>= 3000 PLN/(sic)750) of Polish farmers, the risk of insufficient physical activity increased. Average MET-min/week for LTPA was 299.8 +/- 583.4 and transportation -521.2 +/- 1973.9. The average time of sitting during working days was 4.4 +/- 2.9, while it was 4.5 +/- 3.2 hrs/day during weekends. Conclusions. Health-promoting changes are necessary among Polish farmers, including an increase in the awareness of health benefits and the necessity of undertaking physically active ways of spending leisure time. It seems to be a legitimate action to develop a mini-tourist trail in the rural environment as a means of promoting physical activity also among women aged over 40, and from lower income groups, who are especially threatened by inactivity.