The effect of moisture on the nonlinearly viscoelastic behavior of an epoxy
MECHANICS OF TIME-DEPENDENT MATERIALS
Authors: Vieira de Mattos, Daniel Ferreira; Huang, Rui; Liechti, Kenneth M.
Abstract
The shear and bulk relaxation moduli required to characterize a homogeneous, isotropic, and linearly viscoelastic material were determined using a confined compression experiment and by introducing a new iterative scheme that accounts for the fact that the hoop and radial strains are not step functions. In addition, the coefficients of thermal and hygral expansion of the epoxy being considered were determined along with its diffusive behavior. Fickian diffusion of moisture was confirmed by coupling radial diffusion in an epoxy disk with optical interference measurements of the out-of-plane displacements. These properties are essential components of the modified free-volume model of nonlinear viscoelasticity established by Popelar and Liechti (J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 119:205-210, 1997, Mech. Time-Depend. Mater. 7(2):89-141, 2003). For the nonlinear component of the model, its distortional parameters were evaluated from Arcan pure shear test results at one strain rate and temperature/humidity state. The nonlinear viscoelasticity model was then used to predict the shear stress-strain response under other conditions. The dilatational parameters were extracted from uniaxial tensile test results at one strain rate and temperature humidity state and predictions under other conditions compared favorably with the results from experiments. This exercise adds to a growing list of glassy polymers whose nonlinear stress-strain behavior can be modeled by this modified free-volume model.
EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN RUSSIAN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND RURAL CITIZENS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT
INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTION JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT & APPLIED SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Nikitina, A. S.; Ruchkin, A., V; Zhuravleva, L. A.; Zarubina, E., V; Trofimova, M.; Shemetova, N. K.; Yurchenko, N. A.
Abstract
To assess the level of satisfaction of citizens with the work of local authorities on issues of local importance, the quantitative method was taken as the main method - questioning the population on the analysis of the interaction with local authorities, the quality of work with citizens' appeals. The village of Mokhirevka in the Talitsky district of the Sverdlovsk region was taken as a testing ground. This locality is a typical rural territory, where the bulk of the population is economically connected with agriculture. Such settlements in the Sverdlovsk region, are an overwhelming majority. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the population, on the one hand, does not seek to participate in the implementation of issues of local importance, its rights, and on the other hand, it distrusts the authorities in the ability and desire to solve their problems. In addition, in rural areas, the mechanisms of interaction between the government and the population are poorly developed than in cities, because due to the insignificance of the population there are fewer unique situations and problems of residents. Usually, the solution to problems is subordinated to previously built algorithms that do not correspond to changing legislation and the economic situation. Disciplinary: Public Administration, Rural Development, Law. (c) 2020 INT TRANS J ENG MANAG SCI TECH.