Effects of muscular strength training and growth hormone (GH) supplementation on femoral bone tissue: analysis by Raman spectroscopy, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and mechanical resistance
LASERS IN MEDICAL SCIENCE
Authors: Castoldi, Robson Chacon; Tamura Ozaki, Guilherme Akio; Garcia, Thiago Alves; Giometti, Ines Cristina; Koike, Tatiana Emy; Trindade Camargo, Regina Celi; Augusto dos Santos Pereira, Joao Domingos; Leopoldo Constantino, Carlos Jose; Quirino Louzada, Mario Jefferson; Silva Camargo Filho, Jose Carlos; Belangero, William Dias
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to verify the effects of muscular strength training and growth hormone (GH) supplementation on femoral bone tissue by Raman spectroscopy (Raman), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and mechanical resistance (F-max) analysis. A total of 40 male Wistar animals, 60 days old, were used. The animals were distributed into four groups: control (C), control with GH (GHC), muscular strength training (T), and muscular strength training with GH (GHT). Blood samples were collected for the quantification of creatine kinase (CK-MB) and the femurs were removed for analysis by Raman, DXA, and F-max. A more pronounced increase in the bone mineral components was verified in the T group, for all the variables obtained by the Raman (calcium, phosphate, amide, and collagen). In addition, for animals submitted to GH supplementation, there was a reduction in the variable bone mineral density (BMD) obtained by the DXA (p < 0.05). Finally, the animals that received GH supplementation presented a higher F-max, but without statistical significance (p > 0.05). It was concluded that animals that received GH supplementation demonstrated a decrease in BMD. In addition, T alone was able to promote increased calcium, phosphate, amide, and collagen compounds in bone tissue.
Luteolin alleviates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats via Siti1/NLRP3/NF-kappa B pathway
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
Authors: Zhao, Lingling; Zhou, Zheng; Zhu, Chunsheng; Fu, Zhihui; Yu, Dongsheng
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of luteolin (Lu) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. I/R model was established by ligating left anterior descending branch of coronary artery in rats. Cardiac hemodynamic measurement, myocardial infarction and damage assessment, antioxidant enzymes activities analysis, and various biochemical indexes of myocardial tissue were measured. Finally, the expression of proteins levels of Siti1/NLRP3/NF-kappa B pathway of myocardial tissue in rat were measured by Western Blotting. Lu obviously reduced the myocardial infarction in rats. Compared with sham group, I/R rats showed significant increase in LDH and CK-MB levels. In Lu group, LDH and CK-MB in I/R rats significantly decreased. In addition, Lu significantly reduced leukocyte infiltration compared with the sham group. On the other hand, Lu pretreatment effectively decreased the levels of cytokines in serum. The Siti1/NLRP3/NF-kappa B pathway in I/R group was significantly imbalance that in I/R group. Lu significantly restored the above protein changes. Lu may reduce I/R by regulation of Sirt1/NLRP3/NF-kappa B pathway.