This gene encodes a potent cyclin-dependent kinaseinhibitor. The encoded protein binds to and inhibits the activityof cyclin-CDK2 or -CDK4 complexes, and thus functions as aregulator of cell cycle progression at G1. The expression of thisgene is tightly controlled by the tumor suppressor protein p53,through which this protein mediates the p53-dependent cell cycle G1phase arrest in response to a variety of stress stimuli. Thisprotein can interact with proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), a DNA polymerase accessory factor, and plays a regulatoryrole in S phase DNA replication and DNA damage repair. This proteinwas reported to be specifically cleaved by CASP3-like caspases,which thus leads to a dramatic activation of CDK2, and may beinstrumental in the execution of apoptosis following caspaseactivation. Multiple alternatively spliced variants have been foundfor this gene.
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