Rabbit Anti-Human Adiponectin/ACRP30/ADIPOQ (a.a. 19-244) Polyclonal antibody

OBJECTIVE: Some adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been related to adiponectin levels and metabolic parameters. Few studies of interaction gene-nutrient have been realized in this topic area. The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of the rs1501299 ADIPOQ gene polymorphism, and the dietary intake on total adiponectin levels and the insulin resistance changes after an enriched-monounsaturated fat (Diet M) vs. an enriched-polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet (Diet P). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A Caucasian population of 363 obese patients was enrolled in a randomized clinical trial with two hypocaloric diets. Before and after 12 weeks on each hypocaloric diet, an anthropometric evaluation, an assessment of nutritional intake and a biochemical analysis were realized. The statistical analysis was performed for the combined GT and TT as a group (mutant) and GG as second group (wild). RESULTS: With both caloric restriction strategies, body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and leptin levels decreased. After Diet P, only subjects with GG genotype showed a significant improvement in the insulin levels (GG vs. GT +/- TT) (-3.2 +/- 1.0 mU/L vs. -0.6 +/- 0.4 mU/L: p=0.01) and in the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) (-1.1 +/- 0.2 units vs. -0.3 +/- 0.4 units: p=0.02). The same improvement in both parameters was reported after Diet M: insulin levels (-3.7 +/- 0.9 mU/L vs. -0.4 +/- 0.5 mU/L: p=0.01) and HOMA-IR (-1.0 +/- 0.2 units vs. -0.4 +/- 0.3 units: p=0.03). After weight loss with diet M, both genotypes (GG vs. GT +/- TT) showed similar decrease in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. Only subjects with GG genotype showed a significant increase of the adiponectin levels after both diets: (Diet P: 9.3 +/- 3.0 ng/dl vs. Diet M: 8.2 +/- 2.9 ng/dl: p=0.38). CONCLUSIONS: The GG genotype of ADIPOQ gene variant (rs1501299) is associated to a significant improvement in the adiponectin levels and a decrease of insulin and HOMA-IR after two different hypocaloric diets with different profile of unsaturated dietary fats.

Background The development of skeletal muscle is closely related to the efficiency of meat production and meat quality. Chicken skeletal muscle development depends on myogenesis and adipogenesis and occurs in two phases-hyperplasia and hypertrophy. However, cell profiles corresponding to the two-phase muscle development have yet to be determined. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) can elucidate the cell subpopulations in tissue and capture the gene expression of individual cells, which can provide new insights into the myogenesis and intramuscular adipogenesis. Results Ten cell clusters at the post-hatching developmental stage at Day 5 and seven cell clusters at the late developmental stage at Day 100 were identified in chicken breast muscles by scRNA-seq. Five myocyte-related clusters and two adipocyte clusters were identified at Day 5, and one myocyte cluster and one adipocyte cluster were identified at Day 100. The pattern of cell clustering varied between the two stages. The cell clusters showed clear boundaries at the terminal differentiation stage at Day 100; by contrast, cell differentiation was not complete at Day 5. APOA1 and COL1A1 were selected from up-regulated genes in the adipocyte cluster and found to be co-expressed with the ADIPOQ adipocyte marker gene in breast muscles by RNA in situ hybridization. Conclusions This study is the first to describe the heterogeneity of chicken skeletal muscle at two developmental stages. The genes APOA1 and COL1A1 were identified as biomarkers for chicken intramuscular fat cells.