Chicken Lactate Dehydrogenase

The inefficiency of water splitting is mainly due to the sluggish anodic water oxidation reaction. Replacing water oxidation with thermodynamically more favorable selective methanol oxidation reaction and developing robust bifunctional electrocatalysts are of great significance. Herein, a hierarchical heteronanostructure with Ni-Co layered double hydroxide (LDH) ultrathin nanosheets coated on cobalt phosphide nanosheets arrays (CoxP@NiCo-LDH) are fabricated and used for co-electrolysis of methanol/water to co-produce value-added formate and hydrogen with saving energy. Benefiting from the fast charge transfer introduced by phosphide nanoarrays, the synergy in nanosheets catalysts with hetero-interface, CoxP@NiCo-LDH/Ni foam (NF) exhibits superior electrocatalytic performance (10 mA cm(-2) @ 1.24 V and -0.10 V for methanol selective oxidation and hydrogen evolution reaction, respectively). Furthermore, CoxP@NiCo-LDH/NF-based symmetric two-electrode electrolyzer drives a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) with a low cell voltage of only 1.43 V and the Faradaic efficiency towards the generation of formate and H-2 are close to 100% in the tested range of current density (from 40 to 200 mA cm(-2)). This work highlights the positive effect of hetero-interaction in the design of more efficient eletrocatalysts and might guide the way towards facile upgrading of alcohols and energy-saving electrolytic H-2 co-generation. (C) 2020 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with various symptoms and changes in hematological and biochemical variables. However, clinical features, which can differentiate COVID-19 from non-COVID-19, are not clear. We therefore examined the key clinical features of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. This study included 60 COVID-19 patients and 100 non-COVID-19 patients, diagnosed by PCR, and no significant differences in the age and sex were seen between the two groups. The frequencies of fatigue, loose stool, diarrhea, nasal obstruction, olfactory dysfunction, taste dysfunction, underlying hyperlipidemia, and the prescription of angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than those in non-COVID-19 patients. The counts of leucocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, and basophils and the levels of chloride and calcium in blood of COVID-19 patients were significantly lower than those of non-COVID-19 patients. The frequencies of atypical lymphocytes and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and potassium were significantly higher in COVID-19 than those in non-COVID-19. The C-reactive protein (CRP) level in COVID-19 patients was significantly lower than that in non-COVID-19 patients, when we compared CRP levels among patients with elevated CRP. This study is the first to indicate that electrolyte levels and the frequency of atypical lymphocytes in COVID-19 are significantly different from those in non-COVID-19. Fatigue, loose stool, diarrhea, nasal obstruction, olfactory dysfunction, and taste dysfunction were the key symptoms of COVID-19. Furthermore, hyperlipidemia and ARB may be risk factors of COVID-19. In conclusion, leucocytes, leucocyte fractions, CRP, LDH, and electrolytes are useful indicators for COVID-19 diagnosis.