The stability of ELISA kit is determined by the loss rate of activity. The loss rate of this kit is less than 10% within the expiration date under appropriate storage condition. To minimize extra influence on performance, operation procedures and lab conditions, especially room temperature, air humidity, incubator temperature should be strictly controlled. It is strongly suggested that the same operator performs the whole assay from the beginning to the end.
Precision
Intra-Assay: CV<8% Inter-Assay: CV<10%
Detection Range
7.813-500ng/ml
Sensitivity
4.688ng/ml
Standard Curve
Results of a typical standard operation of a MDA ELISA Kit are listed below. This standard curve was generated at our lab for demonstration purpose only. Users shall obtain standard curve as per experiment by themselves. (N/A=not applicable)
Citations
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Background
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a reactive aldehyde and a commonly studied biomarker of oxidative stress. It is formed as a byproduct of lipid peroxidation, which is a process initiated by the attack of free radicals on polyunsaturated fatty acids present in cell membranes. Lipid peroxidation and the subsequent generation of MDA can occur in various biological systems, including animals, plants, and microorganisms. MDA is a highly reactive molecule that can form covalent adducts with proteins, DNA, and other biomolecules. This process, known as protein or DNA adduct formation, can result in structural modifications and functional impairments of these biomolecules, leading to cellular dysfunction and disease progression.
Elevated levels of MDA have been associated with various pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, cancer, and age-related disorders. MDA is considered a marker of lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage, reflecting the extent of oxidative stress and the degree of tissue injury. Measurement of MDA levels provides valuable insights into the oxidative stress status of an organism or a specific tissue. It serves as an essential tool for assessing the efficacy of antioxidant interventions, evaluating disease progression, and monitoring therapeutic outcomes.
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References
Assessment of lipid peroxidation by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and relatives in biological samples: Analytical and biological challenges
Malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-nonenal (HNE) and the F2-isoprostane 15(S)-8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α) are the best investigated products of lipid peroxidation. MDA, HNE and 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α are produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) both by chemical reactions and by reactions catalyzed by enzymes. 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α and other F2-isoprostanes are derived exclusively from arachidonic acid (AA). The number of PUFAs that may contribute to MDA and HNE is much higher. MDA is the prototype of the so called thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). MDA, HNE and 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α are the most frequently measured biomarkers of oxidative stress, namely of lipid peroxidation. In many diseases, higher concentrations of MDA, HNE and 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α are measured in biological samples as compared to health. Therefore, elevated oxidative stress is generally regarded as a pathological condition. Decreasing the concentration of biomarkers of oxidative stress by changing life style, by nutritional intake of antioxidants or by means of drugs is generally believed to be beneficial to health. Reliable assessment of oxidative stress by measuring MDA, HNE and 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α in biological fluids is highly challenging for two important reasons: Because of the duality of oxidative stress, i.e., its origin from chemical and enzymatic reactions, and because of pre-analytical and analytical issues. This article focuses on these key issues. It reviews reported analytical methods and their principles for the quantitative measurement of MDA, HNE and 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α in biological samples including plasma and urine, and critically discusses their biological and biomedical outcome which is rarely crystal clear and free of artefacts.
A review of recent studies on malondialdehyde as toxic molecule and biological marker of oxidative stress
Aim Of the many biological targets of oxidative stress, lipids are the most involved class of biomolecules. Lipid oxidation gives rise to a number of secondary products. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is the principal and most studied product of polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation. This aldehyde is a highly toxic molecule and should be considered as more than just a marker of lipid peroxidation. Its interaction with DNA and proteins has often been referred to as potentially mutagenic and atherogenic. This review is intended to briefly describe the physiological origin of MDA, to highlight its toxicity, describe and comment on the most recent methods of detection and discuss its occurrence and significance in pathology. Data synthesis In vivo origin as well as reactivity and consequent toxicity of MDA are reviewed. The most recent and improved procedures for the evaluation of MDA in biological fluids are described and discussed. The evidence of the occurrence of increased MDA levels in pathology is described. Conclusions In the assessment of MDA, the most common methods of detection are insufficiently sensitive and disturbed by interference coming from related species or overestimation derived from stressing analysis conditions. Moreover, no recent nutritional or medical trials report the use of one of the new and more reliable methods, some of which are undoubtedly accessible to virtually all the laboratories provided with a common HPLC or a spectrofluorimeter.
COA
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