Human FGβ(Fibrinogen Beta) ELISA Kit

Changes in cell adhesion molecule (CAM) expression and miRNAs regulating them are known to be involved in malignant progression in colon cancer. We investigated expression profiles of CAM genes and non-coding RNAs in CaCo2 colon cancer cells in static culture and under dynamic flow conditions perfused in microfluidic chip emulating physiological microenvironment. We incubated monolayers of CaCo2 cells in TranswellA (R) units either under static conditions or under flow in a microfluidic chip. We identified 7 up-regulated CAM genes (CD44, CDH7, CEACAM5, CEACAM6, CYR61, L1CAM and VCAN), 7 down-regulated genes (COL12A1, FGA, FGB, FGG, GJA1, ITGA5 and LAMA1) and 69 miRNAs targeting them under the influence of microcirculation. The revealed network comprised CAM genes known to interact with each other and 13 miRNAs simultaneously regulating more than one of them. The discovered regulatory network comprising CAM genes and miRNAs is likely involved in normal functioning of intestine epithelium as well as in cancer progression.

Background: The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is an important mechanism in cancer metastasis. Although transcription factors including SNAIL, SLUG, and TWIST1 regulate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, other unknown transcription factors could also be involved. Identification of the full complement of transcription factors is essential for a more complete understanding of gene regulation in this process. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-Seq) technologies have been used to detect genome-wide binding of transcription factors; here, we developed a systematic approach to integrate existing ChIP-Seq and transcriptome data. We scanned multiple transcription factors to investigate their functional impact on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Results: Among the transcription factors tested, impact scores identified the forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) as the most significant transcription factor in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. FOXA1 physically associates with the promoters of its predicted target genes. Several critical epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition effectors involved in cellular adhesion and cellular communication were identified in the regulatory network of FOXA1, including FOXA2, FGA, FGB, FGG, and FGL1. The implication of FOXA1 in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via its regulatory network indicates that FOXA1 may play an important role in the initiation of lung cancer metastasis. Conclusions: We identified FOXA1 as a potentially important transcription factor and negative regulator in the initial stages of lung cancer metastasis. FOXA1 may modulate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via its transcriptional regulatory network. Further, this study demonstrates how ChIP-Seq and expression data could be integrated to delineate the impact of transcription factors on a specific biological process.