Anti-FGB PAb

Backgrounds: Pseudoprogression disease (PsPD) is commonly observed during glioblastoma (GBM) follow-up after adjuvant therapy. Because it is difficult to differentiate PsPD from true early progression of GBM, we have used a quantitative proteomics strategy to identify molecular signatures and develop predictive markers of PsPD. Results: An initial screening of three PsPD and three GBM patients was performed, and from which 530 proteins with significant fold changes were identified. By conducting biological functional analysis of these proteins, we found evidence that the protein synthesis network and the cellular growth and proliferation network were most significantly affected. Moreover, six of the proteins (HNRNPK, ELAVL1, CDH2, FBLN1, CALU and FGB) involved in the two networks were validated (n = 18) in the same six samples and in twelve additional samples using immunohistochemistry methods and the western blot analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in distinguishing PsPD patients from GBM patients yielded an area under curve (AUC) value of 0.90 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.662-0.9880) for CDH2 and. 0.92 (95% CI, 0.696-0.995) for CDH2 combined with ELAVL1. Conclusions: The results of the present study both revealed the biological signatures of PsPD from a proteomics perspective and indicated that CDH2 alone or combined with ELAVL1 could be potential biomarkers with high accuracy in the diagnosis of PsPD.

This paper demonstrates that the performance of a mobile air conditioning system (with a microchannel evaporator modified to be single pass) operating normally with R134a in direct expansion mode can be significantly improved when switched to flash gas bypass (FGB) mode. When operated at the same compressor speed, the system in FGB mode produces about 13%-18% more cooling capacity at 4%-7% higher COP than DX mode. When the compressor speed was adjusted to maintain the same cooling capacity, the COP improved 37%-55%. Two main reasons are identified and discussed: 1) improved refrigerant distribution and 2) reduction of refrigerant pressure drop. Published by Elsevier Ltd.